Influence of organic vis-a-vis inorganic farming on quality parameters of adzuki bean [Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & Ohashi]
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Date
2021-08-10
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Palampur
Abstract
In the present investigation entitled “Influence of organic vis-a-vis inorganic farming on quality parameters of
adzuki bean [Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & Ohashi]” the fifteen genotypes of adzuki bean grown under
inorganic, organic and Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF) production system were procured during 2018-19
and 2019-20, from the Department of Organic Agriculture and Natural Farming, CSK HPKV, Palampur were
evaluated in triplicate for various biochemical constituents for quality significance and nutritional aspects by
following standard procedures. Besides, the phytochemical constituents, antioxidant properties and anti-nutritional
factors analysed in husk and de-husk mature seed samples. Differences among the adzuki bean genotypes grown
under three different production systems were also apparent. The mean value of genotypes grown under ZBNF
during the both the years of experimentation showed significant variation for crude protein (19.19-22.13 %), in
vitro protein digestibility (79.43-90.48 %), methionine (0.76-1.38 g/100g protein), tryptophan (1.49 -1.87 g/100g
protein), PPO activity (0.050-0.367 ΔOD/min), sodium (89.85-123.11 mg/100g), potassium (839.67-1574.72
mg/100g), calcium (253.33- 409.51 mg/100g), magnesium (116.11-178.86 mg/100g), copper (1.21-2.09 mg/100g),
iron (3.99- 8.84 mg/100g), manganese (1.24-2.12 mg/100g), zinc (1.21 -2.09 mg/100g), total phenols (1074.23-
2011.78 mg/100g), simple phenols (637.68-944.42 mg/100g), flavonoids (18.18-24.46 mg/100g), total carotenoids
(1.234-4.739 µg/g), antioxidant activity (0.520-1.776 μg/ml), trypsin inhibitor activity (8903-11055 TIA U/g),
tannins (261.75-942.18), saponins (59.58-108.1 mg/100g) and phytic acid (187.77-257.39 mg/100g). Under ZBNF
production system recorded significantly higher values for in vitro protein digestibility, limiting amino acids
(methionine and tryptophan), PPO activity, protein fractionations and certain minerals (sodium, calcium,
magnesium, iron, zinc, manganese and copper), phytochemical constituents (total phenols, simple phenols, and
flavonoids), antioxidant activity and some anti-nutritional factors like tannins, saponins, whereas for crude
protein content, mineral (potassium), total carotenoids, anti-nutritional factor (phytic acid and trypsin inhibitor
activity) content significantly higher values were recorded in adzuki bean genotypes grown under inorganic system
as compare to ZBNF system. Multipurpose / versatile adzuki bean genotypes grown under inorganic, organic and
ZBNF production system genotypes were identified based on genotypic rating under each production system as
ADHP-6, ADHP-3 and LOCAL TOTRU ranked first, second and third respectively under inorganic system, In
case of organic production system genotypes HPU-51, ADHP-9 and ADHP-3 occupied the first, second and third
position, respectively. While, under ZBNF production system first rank occupied by genotype EC-340286
followed by ADHP-6 and ADHP-8, based on the cumulative grading for nutritional and phytochemical
constituents. De-husking process of adzuki bean mature seeds revealed substantial decrease in phytochemical
constituents i.e. total phenols, simple phenols, flavonoids, total carotenoids and anti-nutritional factors like
saponins and tannins while increase in trypsin inhibitor activity and phytic acid. The potentially superior
genotypes/varieties thus identified can be used for further developmental research by the plant breeders and
cultivation on a large scale by the farmers of H.P and others.