Evaluation of different okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. moench) genotypes for nutritional and antinutritional components
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Date
2018
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
The present study evaluated green pods and mature seeds of 166 okra genotypes for phenotypic
trait, nutritional and antinutritional component variation. Phenotypic variation was observed for
32 qualitative and quatitative traits. Pearson product correlation correlated fruits/plant positively
and significantly with number of internodes and plant height. Fruit total carbohydrates varied
from 39.11-82.1% (DW basis). Total soluble sugars (TSS), reducing sugars, starch, sucrose and
mucilage ranged from 3.39-20.98%, 0.67-1.86%, 30.26-65.6%, 11.34-16.9% and 3.01-8.14%
respectively in pods. Total carbohydrates, TSS and reducing sugars in seeds varied from 15.79-
38.99%, 3.67-9.78% and 1.39-4.35% respectively. Crude protein, TSP and free amino acids in
pods varied from 13.3%- 33.8%, 8.17- 21.0% and 0.62- 5.07% respectively. In seeds they ranged
from 14.49- 37.83%, 6.61- 25.41%, and 0.44- 1.39% respectively. Lysine, methionine and
tryptophan varied from 0.54- 1.29%, 0.06- 1.44 (mg/g) and 0.62- 2.23% respectively. Crude
fiber, ADF and NDF in pods ranged from 5.21-8.98%, 8.29-14.92 and 12.73-24.35%. The seed
oil content varied from 2.33-18.01%. 16:0, 18:0, 18:1 and 18:2 registered variations of 24.52-
45.64%, 0.01- 6.81%, 21.62- 39.63% and 23.95- 48.78% respectively. In pods total phenols, odihydroxy
phenols and flavonols ranged from 385.71-939.421mg/100g, 20.09-79.451mg/100g
and 11.43-98.1mg/100g DW. Whereas phenols and flavonols in seeds ranged from 3.18-7.32
mg/100g and 12.17-39.35 mg/100g. Chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids in fruits varied from 1.38-
11.15, 0.42-5.57 and 0.24-1.86mg/g respectively. Vitamin C and E ranged from 18.7-33.90.59
mg/g and 0.16-0.59 mg/g respectively. FRAP (2.28 mg/g AAE) and DPPH (89.89% inhibition)
activity was maximum in Punjab Padmini and IC0506229 respectively. The carotenoids and
tocopherols in seeds varied from 0.36-1.43mg/100g and 298.8-985.3ppm respectively. Phytate,
saponins, tannins and oxalate in pods ranged from 1.7- 2.94%, 0.41- 1.32%, 10.36- 99.76% and
0.41- 0.95% respectively. In seeds the range was 0.21-0.75%, 1.72-3.44%, 11.67-38.47% and
0.27-1.62% respectively. Principal components analysis showed total variation of 77.17% and
82.49% in pods and mature seeds respectively.Genotypes (IC0043741, IC0506056, IC0506096,
IC0510679, POL-311, POL-325) with high total protein content were subjected to SDS-PAGE.
Globulins constituted maximum portion (30.53%) of seed protein followed by albumins
(17.87%), glutelins (7.86%) and prolamines (4.43%). SDS pattern of the glutelins showed
maximum variability. Fifteen elite genotypes (with high levels of quality parameters and low
levels of antinutritionals) were selected out which can be exploited for okra improvement
programmes and industrial and pharmaceutical applications.
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