PHYSIOLOGICAL INDICES FOR HIGHER PRODUCTIVITY IN GREENGRAM [ Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]
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Date
2001-08-08
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE
Abstract
Field experiments were conducted at Main Research Station,
University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad during kharif seasons of 1998 and 1999
to find out the physiological indices for higher productivity in greengram genotypes.
During kharif, 1998, 30 genotypes were taken and out of these, 20 genotypes
belonging to different yield groups, i.e., high, medium and low yielding were selected
for indepth studies during kharif, 1999. The experiments were laid out in
randomized block design with three replications on medium black soil. Significant
differences were observed for various morpho-physiological, biophysical and
biochemical parameters, yield and yield components between the genotypes
belonging to different yield groups and within the group.
The high yielding genotypes possessed significantly higher number of
leaves and primary branches as compared to other genotypes besides having higher
values for LAI, CGR, LAD and BMD. These genotypes were also efficient with
respect to production and partitioning of total dry matter, particularly in reproductive
parts. Significantly higher photosynthetic rate and nitrate reductase activity were
also recorded in the genotypes belonging to high yielding group. The important
yield components, i.e., number of fruiting clusters, pods, seeds per plant and harvest
index were significantly higher in high yielding genotypes. All the above traits
recorded significant positive association with seed yield.
The important morpho-physiological traits associated with higher
productivity in greengram are higher number of leaves, higher TDM, LAI, CGR, LAD,
BMD, photosynthetic rate, nitrate reductase activity, higher number of fruiting
clusters, pods, seeds per plant and higher harvest index. These traits may be
considered important for developing an ideotype concept in greengram. Among the
genotypes, M-446 and M-100 were found physiologically efficient and possessed
significantly higher values for all the above traits and may be used as a genetic
source for improvement of yield potential in greengram.
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