Assessment of genetic diversity in garden pea (Pisum sativum L.) using agro-morphological and molecular markers
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Date
2021-10-26
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Palampur
Abstract
The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the morphological and
molecular diversity among the garden pea genotypes during winters 2019-20 and 2020-21.
The experimental material comprising of 56 genotypes was evaluated in randomized
complete block design with three replications and data were recorded on pod yield per plant
along with component traits. Sufficient genetic variability was observed for all
morphological, yield and yield contributing, and quality traits during both the years of 2019-
20 and 2020-11. Genotypes SP-6, SP-22, SP-3, 2018/PMVAR/1 and 2019/PMVAR/1 were
observed to be top ranking five promising genotype on the basis of yield and related traits.
High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for pod yield per plant
which revealed the importance of additive gene action and phenotypic selection would be
effective for improvement in the early generations. Correlation and path coefficient analysis
revealed that pods per plant, average pod weight, shelling (%) and seeds per pod could be
considered as the best selection parameters for evolving high yielding genotypes. The
multivariate analysis revealed considerable genetic diversity present in the 56 genotypes
studied and were arranged into 8, 5 and 6 clusters in 2019-20, 2020-21 and pooled over years,
respectively. Number of pods per plant contributed maximum towards total genetic
divergence during both the years and pooled over years, respectively. By virtue of desirable
characters as well as maximum inter-cluster distance genotypes SP-6, SP-3, SP-22, SP-12,
SN-8-2, DPPMFWR-30, Pusa Shree, Matar Ageta, Palam Triloki, Palam Priya, SN-2, SP-18,
2019/PMVAR/6 and Palam Sumool were identified. Molecular diversity analysis using
UPGMA method indicated the presence of considerable diversity in the population as
genotypes were grouped into two main clusters. Twelve genotypes viz., 2019/PMVAR/1,
2019/PMVAR/7, 2017/PMVAR/5, 2018/PMVAR/1, 2017/PMVAR/6, 2018/PMVAR/5, Pb89, SN-5, SP-18, SN-6, SP-10 and SN-10 were found common while comparing
morphological and SSR data and, thereby exhibiting the consonance between morphological
and SSR data. These genotypes offer a scope for utilization in hybridization as parents for the
isolation of transgressive segregants in garden pea.