ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF PESTICIDE USAGE IN COTTON – A STUDY IN DHARWAD DISTRICT OF KARNATAKA

Simple item page
dc.contributor.advisorDr. K.UMA DEVI
dc.contributor.authorBADEKHAN, ALMASZABEEN
dc.date.accessioned2018-08-07T08:43:07Z
dc.date.available2018-08-07T08:43:07Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.descriptionD5401en_US
dc.description.abstractThe pesticide that is heavily used in India is insecticide, whereas weedicides and fungicides application is correspondingly less. Cotton accounts for the maximum share of pesticide consumption followed by paddy and vegetables. Over the past decade, the perplexities in pest management intensified with more and more insect species developing resistance to insecticides. Cotton pest management was particularly affected due to insecticide resistance, which was a consequence of excessive use of insecticides on the crop. Insecticide resistance rendered insecticides ineffective, thus increasing the need for repeated applications, wastage of resources and consequent environmental pollution. Keeping this in view, the present study “Economic and environmental impact assessment of pesticide usage in cotton – A study in Dharwad district of Karnataka” has been taken up with the following objectives. 1. To estimate the cost and returns in cotton production with special reference to pesticide usage. 2. To study the pesticide usage pattern and its impact on cotton productivity. 3. To assess the perception of sample farmers on the effects of pesticide use. 4. To assess the environmental impact of pesticide usage in cotton. Multistage sampling procedure was adopted to select the respondents. Out of five taluks of Dharwad district, three taluks viz., Navalgund, Hubli and Kundagol and from each taluk, two villages which were having maximum cotton area and cotton farmers were selected. A total of six villages viz., Annigeri, Morab, Shirguppi, Ingalahalli, Kundagol and Shunsi were selected. Twenty cotton farmers from each village were post stratified into small, medium and large farmers proportionately making a total sample of 120. A structured and pre-tested schedule was used to collect the data through survey method. The present study pertains to the agricultural year 2016-17. Among the three different farm size groups, total costs as well as returns incurred were highest for large farmers as compared to medium and small farmers, but pesticides cost was more in case of small farmers followed by medium and large farmers. Imidachloropid was the most preferred insecticide and Mancozeb and Paraquat were preferred fungicide and weedicide respectively. Around 54 farmers (45%) spent Rs. 4500 to Rs. 5500 per ha for pesticide application. In the results of Cobb Douglas function, the factors that showed significance were PPC (Plant Protection Chemicals) in kg, human labour cost, bullock labour cost and age for small farmers. While in case of medium farmers, PPC in kg, fertilizer cost, bullock labour cost, machine labour cost and area and for large farmers, PPC in kg, bullock labour cost, machine labour cost and age were influencing cotton yield. The optimum quantity of pesticide required for cotton for over all farmers was estimated to be 0.57 a.i. kg/ha which was double the actual use, and 0.58, 0.70 and 0.80 a.i.kg/ha in the case of small, medium and large farmers. The results of plant protection chemical expenditure function showed that total agricultural income, number of pesticide applications and human labour cost were significant factors for small, medium and large farmers. Most of the farmers didn’t know how to read literature on pesticide containers. It was astonishing to notice that 73.33 per cent of the farmers were not using protective masks/coverings during pesticide application and farmers were found careless in handling pesticides. Farmers got the information about pesticides from pesticide dealers and some from their own experience. Frequency of pesticide application by most of the farmers ranged from 4 to 5 times in one crop season. Headache was the major problem associated with exposure during pesticide application as reported by the sample farmers (especially small farmers) followed by eye irritation. Majority respondents (90.83 %) felt that the pesticide use affects human health. About 45.83 per cent of respondents believed that pesticide usage increased levels of crop yield. Most of the respondents (64.16 %) were unaware of the long term effects of pesticide use, but most of them also disagreed to it and experienced short term illness (62.50 %).The relationship between the levels of perception and independent variables like age, income of farmer, type of farmer, education were found significant and showed positive relationship. The pesticide with highest Field Use Environmental Impact Quotient (EIQ) value used by sample farmers was Profenophos (75.19) and lowest was Acetamiprid (0.19). Average Field Use EIQ was highest in case of small farmers (39.56) followed by large farmers with 38.23. Comparatively less Field Use EIQ was with medium farmers at 36.83. About 35.83 per cent of farmers were willing to pay 6 -10 per cent more price than that of chemical pesticides for eco-friendly pesticides followed by 24.16 per cent farmers who were ready to pay 1-5 per cent more price. Factors influencing Willingness To Pay (WTP) were education, family type, perception, income, age and total health effects.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810063550
dc.keywordsENVIRONMENTAL, PESTICIDE, COTTONen_US
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.pages158en_US
dc.publisherAcharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural Universityen_US
dc.research.problemECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF PESTICIDE USAGE IN COTTON – A STUDY IN DHARWAD DISTRICT OF KARNATAKAen_US
dc.subAgricultural Economicsen_US
dc.subjectnullen_US
dc.themeECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF PESTICIDE USAGE IN COTTON – A STUDY IN DHARWAD DISTRICT OF KARNATAKAen_US
dc.these.typeM.Scen_US
dc.titleECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF PESTICIDE USAGE IN COTTON – A STUDY IN DHARWAD DISTRICT OF KARNATAKAen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
Files
Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
final.pdf
Size:
3.91 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF PESTICIDE USAGE IN COTTON – A STUDY IN DHARWAD DISTRICT OF KARNATAKA
Download
License bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
license.txt
Size:
1.71 KB
Format:
Item-specific license agreed upon to submission
Description:
Download
Collections
Theses