EVALUATION OF COMPLICATIONS FOLLOWING OVARIOHYSTERECTOMY IN BITCHES
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Date
2015-04
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SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA
Abstract
ABSTRACT:
In the present study, the complications following ovariohysterectomy in
twenty four adult post pubertal bitches belonging to different breeds for a period of
one year were recorded and analyzed. The estrous, pregnant and animals with genital
pathologies were excluded. By adopting standard operative procedure and meticulous
postoperative care, usual complications like fatal haemorrhage, wound dehiscence etc
were not at all observed. Change in body weight, behaviour, hormonal and
biochemical parameters; specific complications in a period of one year were recorded.
Increased food intake and obesity were observed in 20 out of 24 animals
(83.33%). Up to 9 months following ovariohysterectomy, no change was recorded in
the aggression of any of the dogs. After nine months the overall reactivity and
aggression of the ovariohysterectomized bitches was found to be increased.
The preoperative mean value of oestradiol 17 was found progressively and
significantly (P<0.05) decreased from 3rd month to 12th month postoperatively. There
were no changes in the concentrations of progesterone values. The preoperative mean
values of serum cholesterol and alkaline phosphatase were found progressively and
significantly (P<0.05) elevated from 3rd to 12th month postoperatively. These values
were well within the physiological ranges. The preoperative mean values of serum
calcium and phosphorus were progressively and significantly (P<0.05) elevated 3rd to
12th month postoperatively. Incidence of specific complications like ovarian remnant syndrome, stump granuloma, osteopenia and venereal granuloma was very low (i.e. @ 4.17 percent each; n= 24). The remnants of the ovarian bursa were resected surgically. The
sections revealed ovarian follicles to a minor extent, fibrous tissue interspersed
between the altered connective tissue elements. A stump granuloma was diagnosed
by a palpable swelling in the caudal abdomen by Tran abdominal B mode
ultrasonography and plain radiography. Exploratory surgery was performed and the
stump granuloma was resected. Histopathology revealed severe inflammatory cell
infiltration with glandular proliferation. Radiographs obtained randomly revealed osteopenia in only one animal, in which cortical thinning with decreased radio-opacity of the pelvic bones was observed. Urinary incontinence in two cases was successfully treated by following routine treatment for cystitis. A single case of vaginal granuloma was diagnosed three months after ovariohysterectomy. Microscopically, there were several oval or
spherical cells with high rate of mitosis. Based on the above observations it can be recommended that, the owners must be advised to restrict the feeding to their pets and give them proper exercise in order to avoid weight gain. They must be informed that, their pet may become more reactive and aggressive and hence, appropriate measures should be taken to control them through training. Occasional blood profiles and routine abdominal
ultrasonography may be indicated to avoid dangerous consequences. Further studies
with longer experimental time and more animal materials were required in order
to make firm conclusions in order to associate these findings with
ovariohysterectomy.
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