Studies on development and bioefficacy of chitosan based nano formulation (s) against root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita
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Date
2022-11
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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University hisar
Abstract
Present study was conducted to investigate the synthesis, characterization and bioefficacy of chitosan
based nanoformulation (s) against root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita. Nanoparticles were synthesized
by ionic gelation method and characterized by DLS, FTIR, FESEM and TEM. The DLS results confirmed the
size, stability and charge of synthesized Cu-chitosan and chitosan-saponin NPs.Whereas FTIR, FESEM,
FESEM-EDS and TEM, observations confirmed the functional group, crystalline porous structure, elemental
compostion and spherical shape of synthesized nanoparticles. Encapsulation and release profile of Cu was
confirmed by ICP-MS under varying pH and time.Maximum Cu release confirmed at pH 1 and 144 h of time
period. In in vitro, assay results revealed that increasing the concentration and time exposure of Cu-chitosan
and chitosan-saponin NPs leads to more nematode mortality and egg hatching inhibition. The maximum
mortality and egg hatching inhibition was documented in 1000 ppm of Cu-chitosan NPs after 72 and 96 h
respectively. In pluronic gel experiment NPs exposure to M. incognita juveniles for 16 h affect host finding
behavior. A minimum number of juveniles reached around tomato roots were observed in chitosan-saponin NPs
at 1200 ppm in 4 and 8 h as compared to water and octopamine control. Increasing the NPs concentration
reduced nematode penetration and minimum number of nematode penetrated in 1200 ppm of chitosan-saponin
NPs as compared water control in tomato roots. In management experiment foliar spray was more effective in
increasing the plant growth parameters as compared to seedling root dip and soil drenching method. But, in
reduction of nematode parameters observed in seedling root dip treatment (8 h) was more effective as compared
to 4 h seedling root dip and other treatments. Cu-chitosan is more effective in reduction of number of galls,
number of egg masses, eggs per egg mass and soil population per 200 cc soil, while chitosan-saponin NPs was
more effective in increasing plant growth parameters. It was observed NPs also caused toxicity in M. incognita
J2s and up regulates the detoxifying genes. Hence, the chitosan based nano formulation (s) proved to be of great
nematicidal potential and opened new opportunities for expanding their effectiveness as new nematode control
agents.