Soil test crop response correlation studies on chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in a mollisol of Uttarakhand
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Date
2014-06
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during Rabi 202012-13 in a Aquic hapludoll at D7 block of Norman E. Borlogue Crop Research Centre of The G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (290 N latitude and 79029’ E longitude), as the per technical programme of All India Coordinated Research Project on Soil Test Crop Response Correlation. The experiment was conducted in two phases. In the first phase soil fertility gradient was developed by dividing experimental field into three strips and applying graded doses of fertilizers in them (Strip I (no fertilizer), Strip II (100,100 and 100 kg N, P2O5 and K2O/ha) and Strip III (200, 200 and 200 kg N, P2O5 and K2O ha-1) and growing of exhaust crop fodder Sorghum (var. Pant chari-1). In the second phase i.e. next season test crop chickpea (var.Pusa262) was grown by dividing each strip in 24 plots having 21 treatments and 3 controlled plots. Response to selected combinations of three levels of FYM (0, 5 and 10 t/ha), four levels of nitrogen (0, 10, 20 and 30 kg ha-1), four levels of phosphorus (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg P2O5 ha-1) and four levels of potassium (0, 10, 20 and 30 kg K2O ha-1) at different fertility levels of chickpea was studied. The values of the organic carbon, Alkaline KMnO4 extractable N, Olsen’s P and neutral normal Ammonium Acetate extractable K in the experimental field ranged between 0.31 to 1.63 per cent, 87.81 to 263.42 kg ha-1 and 12.10 to 24.64 kg ha-1, 76.16 to 247.52 kg ha-1, respectively. The total uptake of N, P and K ranged from 44.96 to 140.46, 7.72 to 18.15 and 28.76 to 82.92 kg ha-1 by chickpea, respectively. In the present investigation the total grain yield ranged from 12.77 to 30.27 q ha-1 and total straw yield 16.11 to 38.97 q ha-1. The nutrient requirement for production of one quintal of grain yield of chickpea was found to be 4.41 kg Nitrogen, 0.62 kg Phosphorus and 2.53 kg Potassium. Percent contribution of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was 37.05, 72.16 and 35.61, from soil, whereas from other sources as FYM was 68.31, 16.15 and 37.20 percent; chemical fertilizer 160.01, 16.79 and 93.51 and conjoint joint use of chemical fertilizer with FYM 64, 15.57 and 95.22 in terms of N, P and K respectively. Coefficient of quadratic multiple regression (R2) was found moderately significant (0.465**) between total grain yield, soil test values, added fertilizers and interaction between soil and fertilizer. Suitability of soil test methods was also evaluated by R2 value of multiple regression equation and concluded that organic carbon, AB-DTPA-P and AB-DTPA-K methods are suitable for the determination of available Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, respectively in Tarai region of Uttarakhand for chickpea crop. Maximum response obtained at 10 kg N, 60 kg P2O5 and 20 kg K2O ha-1. However, optimum dose (B/C) of N, P2O5 and K2O was obtained in 20 kg N, 60 kg P2O5 and 30 kg K2O ha-1 for chickpea growing in Mollisol of Uttarakhand. Findings from present study can successfully be utilized for the larger parts of Tarai region of Uttarakhand as effective guide for efficient and balanced fertilizer recommendation.
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