Heterosis and combining ability analysis of sub-tropical maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines
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Date
2022-10-29
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Palampur
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Heterosis and combining ability analysis of sub tropical maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines” was carried out to assess the nature and magnitude
of gene action, estimation of heterosis and combining ability effects for grain yield and its
component traits. The experimental material consisted of 7 inbreds, 21 crosses and 3 checks
viz., Palam Sankar Makka-2, Bio 9544 and Bio 605 were evaluated in RBD with two
replications at Shivalik Agricultural Research and Extension Centre, Kangra during kharif,
2021. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among genotypes except number
of kernel rows per ear suggesting thereby sufficient amount of genetic variability in the
experimental material. Analysis of variance for combining ability revealed significant GCA
and SCA effects for most of the traits except GCA for days to 50% silking and shelling (%)
indicated the preponderance of both additive and non-additive gene action for inheritance of
the studied traits. The ratio of GCA variance to SCA variance was less than unity for all traits
indicated preponderance of non-additive gene action. P1 (KGI-109) and P3 (DMEL-143) inbred
lines were good general combiner for grain yield and may be used as parents for the
development of high yielding single cross maize hybrids. The promising cross combinations
viz., P1 × P4 (KGI-109 × DMEL-156), P1 × P3 (KGI-109 × DMEL-143), P2 × P3 (LM-18 ×
DMEL-143), P6 × P7 (DMR139 × KGI-110), P3 × P7 (DMEL-143 × KGI-110) and P2 × P5 (LM 18 × CML139) were identified on the basis of mean performance, SCA effects and significant
standard heterosis for grain yield. In addition, these crosses also exhibited resistance to
Turcicum leaf blight and moderate resistance to Banded leaf and sheath blight and Maydis leaf
blight. These promising hybrids may be commercially exploited after evaluation in multi location trials over the years to assess their suitability in different agro-climatic zones of the
state.