GENETIC ANALYSIS FOR GRAIN YIELD, PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND NUTRITIONAL TRAITS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)

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dc.contributor.advisorSURENDER RAJU, Ch
dc.contributor.authorLINGAIAH, N
dc.date.accessioned2020-07-31T05:52:54Z
dc.date.available2020-07-31T05:52:54Z
dc.date.issued2018
dc.description.abstractAnalysis of variance in the first experiment, aimed to study combining ability, heterosis and inbreeding depression, analysis of variance revealed significant genotypic differences for yield components and quality traits. Highest number of grains/panicle was registered for parent WGL-32100 (189) and the cross, MTU 1010 x Ramappa (204). For 1000 grain weight, high range was noticed i.e., 14.60 (WGL-32100) to 25.05 (MTU 1010) and same thing was reflected in crosses also with highest (24.90) in case of MTU 1010 x Ramappa. Incidentally, the same cross gave highest grain yield/plant (29.07 g). Highest estimates of head rice recovery, kernel length and L/B ratio were registered by MTU 1010 x Ramappa, MTU 1010 x RP-Bio-5478-185 and MTU 1010 x RP-Bio-5478-166 cross combinations respectively. Highest concentrations of iron and zinc were present in the crosses, DRR Dhan-40 x NH-686 (15.40 ppm), RP-Bio-5478-185 x NH-686 (22.87 ppm) respectively. The magnitudes of heterobeltiosis were high for prime yield components viz., number of grains/panicle and test weight. The cross combinations MTU 1010 x NH-686, RP-Bio-5478-185 x NH-686 (grains/panicle) and WGL-32100 x Ramappa, WGL-32100 x RP-Bio-5478-270 (1000 grain weight) were the top ranking hybrids in view of high heterobeltiosis. High hetorisis followed by low inbreeding depression for 1000 grain weight indicated that, selection would be effective to develop pure lines with higher test weight. With respect to grain yield per plant, Ramappa x RP-Bio-5478-270, RP-Bio-5478-185 x NH-686, NH-686 x NH-787 were identified as top heterotic hybrids. Selection would be effective to improve head rice recovery in the crosses viz., WGL-32100 x NH-787, RPBio-5478-166 x RP-Bio-5478-176 as high heterosis with low inbreeding depression indicated the presence of additive genetic effects. In similar lines, MTU 1010 x WGL32100, MTU 1010 x RP-Bio-5478-270, MTU 1010 x RP-Bio-5478-166 were adjudged as better crosses for kernel L/B ratio. Crosses viz., RP-Bio-5478-166 x NH-787 (16.24), RP 19 Bio-5478-185 x NH-686 (35.39) for iron concentration and NH-686 x NH-787 (58.47%), MTU10 x WGL-32100 (31.67%) for zinc concentration were identified as the best crosses in view of expression of heterosis on better parent. Combining ability studies revealed that, the parents viz., WGL-32100 and Ramappa for yield component; NH-686, WGL-32100 for desirable kernel characteristics; NH-787, WGL-32100 for protein; and RP-Bio-5478-185, RP-Bio-5478-176 for Iron and Zinc concentrations were identified as better combiners. The cross combinations viz., RP-Bio5478-270 x RP-Bio-5478-185, Ramppa x RP-Bio-5478-176 and DRR Dhan 40 x NH-686 for number of productive tillers/plant; MTU 1010 x Ramppa, WGL-32100 x Ramppa, MTU 1010 x RP-Bio-5478-176, WGL-32100 x NH-686 and Ramppa x RP-Bio-5478-185 for number of grains panicle; WGL-32100 x NH-686 and Ramppa x RP-Bio-5478-185 for no of grains panicle; WGL-32100 x Ramppa, MTU 1010 x NH-686, WGL-32100 x DRR Dhan-40, RP-Bio-5478-270 x RP-Bio-5478-185 for 1000 grain weight; and WGL-32100 x Ramppa, WGL-32100 x NH-686, Ramappa x RP-Bio-5478-166 and WGL-32100 x RPBio-5478-185 for grain yield/plant were the top ranking ones in terms of high sca and per se performance. Selection of higher grain yield/plant in crosses viz., WGL-32100 x Ramappa, WGL-32100 x NH-686, for 1000 grain weight in cross WGL-32100 x Ramappa, for higher number of grains per panicle in WGL32100 x NH-686 and WGL-32100 x Ramappa would be highly effective as their parents were of high x high gca nature. Whereas, in case of other crosses, postponement of selection is inevitable in view of essentiality of attempting the Bi-parental matings in F2 generations to pool up the plus dominant genes and break the linkages. It is interesting to note that, WGL- 32100 x Ramappa, WGL-32100 x NH-686 which registered high sca for grain yield/plant also possessed high sca for grains/panicle and test weight. With respect to head rice recovery, RP-Bio-5478-166 x RP-Bio-5478-185 and Ramappa x NH-787 were found to be superior. The top ranking crosses identified for improvement for kernel lenght and L/B ratio are WGL-32100 x DRR Dhan-40, WGL32100 x RP-Bio-5478-185 and WGL-32100 x NH-787. Cross combinations viz., WGL32100 x DRR Dhan-40, Ramappa x RP-Bio-5478-176, Ramappa x DRR Dhan-40 for intermediate amylose, WGL-32100 x Ramappa for high protein content, MTU 1010 x RPBio-5478-166, WGL-32100 x RP-Bio-5478-166 and RP-Bio-5478-185 x NH-686 for iron concentration and RP-Bio-5478-166 x DRR Dhan-40, RP-Bio-5478-176 x DRR Dhan-40, RP-Bio-5478-176 x NH-787 for zinc concentration were identified as the top ranking ones for further advancement. Selection for high protein content in the cross WGL-32100 x Ramappa, in RP-Bio-5478-185 x NH-686 for iron content and RP-Bio-5478-166 x DRR Dhan-40, RP-Bio-5478-176 x DRR Dhan-40 for zinc concentration, would be highly effective as their parents had high GCA effects. The Generation mean analysis (second experiment) indicated the presence of epistasis in expression of grain yield and its components, and absence in case of certain quality characters like hulling percent, milling percent, kernel length, breadth, kernel elongation ratio and protein content in one and two crosses. The interaction was of 20 duplicate epistasis, therefore, in addition to the main genetic effects, ([d], [h] components), the interaction components also have to be taken into consideration to develop the breeding strategy. Prevalence of significant additive effects in the crosses MTU1010 x NH-686, RPBio-5478-185 x NH-787 indicated effectiveness of direct selection for yield improvement. Similarly, selection was recommended for head rice recovery improvement for two crosses viz., MTU 1010 x NH-686, WGL-32100 x RP-Bio-5478-166, due to presence of fixable genetic variation. The interaction components are highly variable, therefore, a cross and trait specific breeding strategy is required for improvement. Simple correlation and path analysis indicated that selection would be towards the improvement of number of grains/panicle and test weight for overall grain yield improvement in rice. Positive association between Zinc and Iron concentrations indicated possibility of simultaneous improvement.en_US
dc.identifier.citationD10,289en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810150211
dc.keywordsGENETIC ANALYSIS FOR GRAIN YIELD, PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND NUTRITIONAL TRAITS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)en_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherPROFESSOR JAYASHANKAR TELANGANA STATE AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITYen_US
dc.subGenetics and Plant Breedingen_US
dc.subjectnullen_US
dc.themePh.Den_US
dc.these.typePh.Den_US
dc.titleGENETIC ANALYSIS FOR GRAIN YIELD, PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND NUTRITIONAL TRAITS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)en_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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