Stability analysis for various quantitative characters and assessment of molecular diversity in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)
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Date
2013-07
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
The present investigation was taken up to examine the stability of twenty two elite soybean genotypes under varying environmental conditions for grain yield and yield contributing characters along with genetic variability and molecular marker diversity analysis using thirty different SSR primers. The field experiment with twenty two genotypes of soybean was laid down in randomized complete block design with three replications under twelve different environmental conditions (3 dates of sowing x 2 plant densities x 2 years) at the Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre at G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar during Kharif
2010-11 and 2011-12 The Analysis of variance was found significant for all the characters. Pooled analysis of
variance revealed significant variance for genotypes, environments and environments (linear) for all the characters. Based on Eberhart and Russell model, genotypes ABL 55, ABL 20, ABL 45, ABL 61, PS 1024, PS 1042, PK 416 and ABL 62 showed general and specific adaptation for different quantitative characters. The genotype, ABL 17 exhibited sensitivity to rich environment for plant height, number of seeds per pod, dry matter weight per plant and seed yield per plant whereas, poor environment adapted genotypes were PS 1092 for days to 50% flowering and harvest index and PS 1241 for days to maturity and oil content. Most of the results obtained by Eberhart and Russell model were in accordance with those obtained by AMMI biplot analysis. AMMI analysis also did not identify any genotype stable for all the characters. Eberhart and
Russell model identified ABL 62 as the most adaptable for seed yield per plant in favourable environment, however, AMMI1 biplot analysis identified it as the most desirable and stable genotype for this character. Similarly, genotypes ABL 55, ABL 45 and ABL 20 were found to be stable for number of nodes per plant, plant height and protein content, respectively, in accordance with Eberhart and Russell model while they showed suitability to favourable environments for these characters in AMMI biplot analysis. Higher estimate of phenotypic coefficient of variation was found for seed yield per plant followed by dry matter weight per plant, number of pods per plant and harvest index. Relatively large differences were observed between genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation for harvest index, seed yield per plant, dry matter weight per plant, number of pods per plant, plant height and days to maturity. The higher estimates of broad sense heritability were observed for oil content, protein content and hundred seed weight. Highest expected genetic advance was observed for number of pods per plant followed by dry matter weight per plant. Jaccard’s similarity coefficients based on SSR data of 22 genotypes were found to vary from 0.19 (PS 1225 and ABL 55) to 0.85 (PK 327 and ABL 61). Total of 87 alleles were detected across the 26 polymorphic loci with an average 3.35 alleles per locus. Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) value ranged from 0.03 (Satt286) to 0.37 (Satt 187, Satt 200, Satt 267, Satt300 and Satt 523). The UPGMA based dendogram constructed using Jaccard’s similarity coefficient of SSR marker data divided twenty two genotypes into five clusters and four sub-clusters. Cluster strength varied from minimum of two to maximum of ten members. Clustering patterns in general
did not corroborate with quantitative data of oil and protein contents.
Description
Thesis-PhD
Keywords
soyabeans, stability, genotypes, elites, environmental conditions, genetic variation, molecular markers, SSR markers, field experimentation, quantitative traits