STUDIES ON MICROBIAL MANAGEMENT OF STALK ROT OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.)
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Date
2018-08-02
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU
Abstract
Of late, maize stalk rot has become a serious threat in maize crop and causes yield
loss up to 35 per cent, the present investigations on microbial management of stalk rot of
maize were carried during the year 2014-17. Studies were carried with respect to survey,
Isolation and pathogenicity of stalk rot causing pathogens, isolation and evaluation of
antagonists against pathogen. A survey on incidence of stalk rot of maize in southern
Karnataka revealed that maximum disease incidence was recorded in Chikkaballapura
district (23.55%). Pathogens were isolated from the disease samples collected from
different locations viz., Gouribidanur (F-1), Thondebhavi(F-2), Periyapatna(F-3),
Chennapatna(F-4), Chennarayapatna(F-5), Tarikere(F-6), Kallalli(F-7), Gama(F-8),
Hinduvalli(F-9 ) and Hirekerur (F-10). The isolate F-2, was recorded the maximum
disease rating (9.0). This isolate was confirmed as Fusarium solani by National Center of
Fungal Taxonomy. Hence F-2 isolate was carried for further studies under green house
and field conditions. From the collected soil samples 24 fungal and 29 bacterial isolates
of biocontrol agents were isolated from rhizosphere soil and 19 fungal and 18 bacterial
isolates were obtained from non rhizosphere soil. Based on in vitro screening against F.
solani, five fungal and 10 bacterial efficient strains were selected for further studies. The
fungal and bacterial antagonists screened against F. solani under in vitro condition.
Maximum per cent inhibition of pathogen (91.37) was observed with fungal isolate
CNF10. Based on the morphological and biochemical characterization of efficient fungal
and bacterial antagonists, they were identified as Trichoderma sp. Pseudomonas sp. and
Bacillus sp. Among the different antagonists and method of application tested against the
pathogen, application of Trichoderma sp. as seed treatment + soil application (T9)
showed better plant growth and yield with least disease incidence.
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