GENETIC DIVERSITY STUDIES ON PEANUT STEM NECROSIS TOLERANT GROUNDNUT GENOTYPES
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Date
2016
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Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Genetic diversity studies on Peanut Stem
Necrosis tolerant groundnut genotypes” was carried out with fifty genotypes
comprising of released, pre-release cultures and germplasm lines at Agricultural
Reasearch Station, Kadiri during kharif, 2015 in a randomized block design with
two replications. The data were recorded on five randomly selected plants for
different yield, yield components and quality traits.
Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed highly significant differences
among the genotypes for all characters studied indicating the existence of sufficient
variation among the genotypes. The characters viz., days to 50 per cent flowering,
plant height, number of filled pods per plant, total pods per plant, number of seeds
per pod, sound mature kernel per cent, haulm yield per plant, pod yield per plant,
kernel yield per plant, shelling per cent, harvest index, 100 kernel weight, SCMR at
60 DAS, oil content and protein content were recorded for fifty genotypes.
The study of per se performance indicated that the genotypes viz., 04 x
479-012, K 1501 and K 1643 were found to be superior for most of the yield
contributing traits along with yield among the tested entries. These genotypes may
be involved in the crossing programme duly estimating the general and specific
combining abilities for the future improvement programme.
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Study of genetic parameters revealed that kernel yield per plant, pod yield per
plant, haulm yield per plant, protein content and number of filled pods per plant
recorded high PCV, GCV, heritability (broad sense) and genetic advance as per cent
of mean indicating ample scope for improvement of these traits through selection.
The diversity studies grouped fifty genotypes into eight clusters. Among
them, cluster II consisted of maximum number of genotypes (22), followed by
cluster I (15) and cluster III (8). The clusters IV, V, VI, VII and VIII were
monogenotypic and consisted of single genotype. An analysis of the inter and intracluster
distances revealed maximum inter-cluster distance between clusters IV and
VIII followed by VI and VIII, III and V and clusters III and VII, indicating that
genotypes from these clusters were highly divergent meriting their consideration in
selection as parents for hybridization. Among all the characters studied, SCMR at
60 DAS contributed maximum to the diversity followed by protein content and
harvest index.
A perusal of the results of character association revealed positive and
significant association of kernel yield with days to maturity, pods per plant, 100
kernel weight, pod yield per plant, shelling per cent, SCMR at 60 DAS and haulm
yield per plant, indicating an increase in kernel yield would realize with an
improvement in these characters. Therefore, priority should be given to these traits
while making selections for kernel yield improvement.
A perusal of the results on path coefficients for yield and yield components
revealed high residual effect for both phenotypic and genotypic path coefficients,
indicating that other attributes besides the characters studied are contributing for
kernel yield and oil content. The results also revealed high positive direct effects of
haulm yield per plant, shelling per cent, harvest index and 100 kernel weight on
kernel yield per plant and shelling per cent on oil content. Hence, these traits should
be considered as important selection criteria in all groundnut improvement
programmes and direct selection for these traits is recommended for kernel yield
and oil content improvement in groundnut.
Description
D5380
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