Status and distribution of potato cyst nematode (Globodera spp.) and other major plant parasitic nematodes associated with potato (Solanum tuberosum l.) in Kumaon region of Uttarakhand
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Date
2019-07
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
Potato is the most important vegetable tuber crop in Uttarakhand. It is produced all around the year and plays a significant role in the economy of Uttarakhand. Plant parasitic nematodes are one of the limiting factors in potato production which result in quality deterioration and yield loss. The estimated yield-loss caused by plant parasitic nematodes in potato around the world is 12.2 per cent. Keeping this view, an extensive survey was conducted in four districts of Kumaon region of Uttarakhand to study the status of important plant parasitic nematodes associated with potato. Soil samples were collected from different villages of the districts and analysis was done in Nematology Laboratory of Department of Plant Pathology. Analysis revealed the presence of ten genera of plant parasitic nematodes associated with potato likely; Globodera spp., Meloidogyne spp., Pratylenchus spp., Ditylenchus spp., Trichodorus spp., Helicotylenchus spp., Tylenchorhynchus spp., Criconemoides spp., Aphelenchus spp. and Tylenchus spp. Among these Aphelenchus spp. was predominant in Nainital district with incidence of (85.29%) whereas occurrence of potato cyst nematode was recorded in (54.28%) villages of which Edidhar village showed maximum population of cysts i.e. (45 cysts/200 cc soil). However, four genera of nematodes showed their 100 per cent frequency of occurrence in Almora viz. Helicotylenchus spp. Tylenchorhynchus spp., Aphelenchus spp. and Tylenchus spp. while at Durganagar and Natadol, occurrence of potato cyst nematode was also observed with population density of 32 cysts/200 cc soil)and 23 cysts/200 cc soil respectively. In Pithoragarh, Tylenchorhynchus spp. was recorded maximum whereas two government potato farm i.e. (Tiksen and Balati) were also found to be heavily infested with potato cyst nematode supporting (250 cysts/200 cc soil) and (158 cysts/200 cc soil) respectively. In Champawat, Devidhura village showed maximum nematode population and also found to be heavily infested with potato cyst nematode (54 cysts/200 cc soil). In present study, altitude showed positive correlation with the population of Globodera spp. However, soil pH was found to be negatively correlated with the population buildup of Pratylenchus spp., Meloidogyne spp., Tylenchorhynchus spp. and Helicotylenchus spp. Soil moisture showed its positive correlation with Meloidogyne spp., Pratylenchus spp., Ditylenchus spp. and Helicotylenchus spp while population buildup of Globodera spp., Meloidogyne spp., Pratylenchus spp., Helicotylenchus spp., Trichodorus spp. and Tylenchorhynchus spp. was found to be negatively correlated with soil temperature On the basis of survey, it can be inferred that occurrence of potato cyst nematode is a serious threat to potato cultivation and it may emerge as the serious endemic pest in Uttarakhand. Instant attention of the administrators and researchers is required to take appropriate decision for planning strong domestic quarantine regulation to limit their further spread. Surveillance of nematode populations in the potato growing areas of the state is also required at regular time interval so, as to keep a strict watch to attain their economic threshold level through which timely preventive management strategies could be taken.
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