GENETIC AND PHYSIO-BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF POD SHATTERING AND PRODUCTIVITY RELATED TRAITS IN SOYBEAN (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)
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Date
2001-08-07
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE
Abstract
A collection of 196 germplasm lines was evaluated in three seasons
for pod shattering as well as productivity. Observations were made on
plant growth, pod characters related to shattering and yield attributes.
Plant growth and pod characters showed low to moderate genotypic
coefficient of variation except pod weight, seed to pod shell ratio, pod
shattering and yield attributing traits. Habitability and genetic advance
was high for all the traits except days to maturity, seeds per pod, pod
length and pod width. Characters contributing towards pod shattering
resistance were pod weight, pod length and pod thickness. Following
Mahalanobis 02 analysis, shattering resistant genotypes identified were
grouped in five clusters, of which EC-14396, CGP-268 and GP-2340-A
were also promising for seed yield.
A diallel set of crosses was made using five genotypes representing
the variation in pod shattering. Yield attributing traits were under the
control of both additive and non-additive gene action. Plant growth and
pod characters along with pod shattering were governed by additive gene
action except for degree of indeterminate growth habit, seeds per pod, pod
width and pod shell Lhiekness. Pod shattering susceptibility was partially
dominant over resistance and the data indicated the possibility of
developing shattering resistant genotypes by crossing resistant parents.
Physiological parameters related to pod development indicated that
growth rate and dry matter accumulation in pod and seed were negatively
correlated with pod shattering. However, pod shell growth rate was
positively correlated with pod shattering.
Assay of four cell wall degrading enzymes in shattering and nonshattering
zones of resistant and susceptible varieties indicated that
cellulase play an important role in pod shattering process. The action of
polygalactouranase was opposite to cellulase, but did not exhibit clear
involvement. Peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase did not show any trend
in either the pod shattering resistant or susceptible genotypes.
The study was able to identify Bragg x JS-335 as potential
combination worth handling for developing pod shattering resistant as
well as high yielding genotypes.
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