Delineation of potential sites for artificial groundwater recharge in Bhakra river watershed, Uttarakhand using remote sensing & GIS techniques
| dc.contributor.advisor | Yogendra Kumar | |
| dc.contributor.author | Ete, Liki | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-04-25T09:39:18Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2022-04-25T09:39:18Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2022-01 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Groundwater is a precious resource with limited availability. However, overexploitation has depleted groundwater availability. The scarcity of groundwater is anticipated to be one of the most pressing issues because of population growth, disruptions in the hydrological cycle, climate change, and high water usage in the agriculture and industrial sectors. The identification of potential zones for groundwater recharge has become very important aspect for replenishment of groundwater. With the goal of enhancing the development and management of groundwater resources in the region, the present study was undertaken with the objective to investigate the morphometric parameters of the Bhakra river watershed using GIS techniques, prioritization of sub-watersheds as well as identification of potential sites for groundwater recharge. The Bhakra River watershed falls under the Tarai and Bhabhar regions of Udham Singh Nagar and Nainital districts of Uttarakhand and Rampur district of Uttar Pradesh and lies between 28º 53' 0" to 29º 20' 0" N latitudes and 79º 15' 0" E to 79º 32' 0" E longitudes. It has an area of 475.623 km2 and a perimeter of 216.725 km. The morphometric analysis of the Bhakra river watershed and its 11 sub-watersheds was done through the estimation of linear, areal and relief aspects. ArcGIS software was used for preparation of various thematic maps of the study area using toposheets, DEM data and satellite images. The ALOS PALSAR DEM data (12.5 m resolution) was downloaded from Alaska Satellite Facility (ASF). The prioritization of the sub-watersheds was done based on the morphometric parameters using the Compound Priority (CP) method. The dominant LULC units of the study area was forest area spreading over 260.932 km2 (54.863% of the total watershed area) followed by cultivated cropland covering an area of 183.46 km2 (38.574% of the total watershed area), urban areas which has an area of 30.172 km2 (6.343 %), and shrubs and wetland which accounted for 0.218% in terms of watershed area. The maximum soil type of the study area was bhabar soil covering an area of 235.246 km2. Tarai soil covered 207.420 km2 of study area and small portion of the study area was covered by hill soil and alluvial soil. Based on the compound priority value, the sub-watersheds were grouped into three priority categories: high priority, medium priority, and low priority. Three sub-watersheds i.e., Nihal (SWS3), Ghutwa (SWS8) and Dhimri (SWS11) with lowest compound value were under high priority which required immediate attention for the soil and water conservation measures and six sub-watersheds i.e., Khani (SWS1), Paniyali (SWS2), Rakashiya (SWS5), Khairlya (SWS7), Kagarsen (SWS9), and Kurna (SWS10) were under medium priority while two sub-watersheds i.e., Basi (SWS4) and Bhadwara (SWS6) were under low priority group. A suitable location of 27 check dams and 55 farm ponds were identified as potential sites for artificial groundwater recharge with the help of geo-visualization techniques for construction of water conservation structures. These could help in enhancing the water availability for various activities in the Bhakra river watershed. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810183866 | |
| dc.keywords | groundwater recharge, rivers, watershed management, Uttarakhand, remote sensing, Geographical Information Systems | en_US |
| dc.language.iso | English | en_US |
| dc.pages | 123 | en_US |
| dc.publisher | G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand) | en_US |
| dc.research.problem | Uttarakhand | en_US |
| dc.sub | Irrigation and Drainage Engineering | en_US |
| dc.theme | Watershed Management | en_US |
| dc.these.type | M.Tech. | en_US |
| dc.title | Delineation of potential sites for artificial groundwater recharge in Bhakra river watershed, Uttarakhand using remote sensing & GIS techniques | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |