Refinement of conventional integrated farming system model with natural farming

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dc.contributor.advisorSharma, Vinod Kumar
dc.contributor.authorSingh, Gurpreet
dc.date.accessioned2023-03-21T07:00:44Z
dc.date.available2023-03-21T07:00:44Z
dc.date.issued2022-12-12
dc.description.abstractAn experiment was carried out in rabi and kharif seasons of 2019-20 and 2020-21 to evaluate the productivity and profitability of integrated farming system under conventional and natural farming in mid-hill conditions of Himachal Pradesh at 1 hectare AICRP-IFS on station research farm (Bhadiarkhar) of Department of Agronomy, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur. The objective of the study was to refine existing integrated farming system model with natural farming and to identify and optimize component linkages for profit maximization. Components under study were field crops (CS), vegetable crops, livestock, poultry and mushroom. Farm area between different components was allocated as, 0.65 ha to field crops (4875 m2 under conventional farming, 1625 m2 under natural farming), 0.175 ha to vegetable crops (1050 m2 under conventional farming, 350 m2 under natural farming), 0.10 ha to fodder crops (750 m2 under conventional farming, 250 m2 under natural farming)and 0.075 for livestock, poultry, mushroom and other enterprises (manure pit, vermicompost unit and fodder chopping unit). Comparisons were made on the basis of production and economic benefits of different enterprises. Results revealed that among field crops, “maize + soybean- gobhisarson” and “soybean –wheat” cropping systems performed better under conventional and natural farming, respectively. Among vegetable-based cropping systems, “okra-radish-garlic” and “okra+ soybean-pea” remained economically efficient under conventional and natural farming, respectively. Among different farming systems, integration of CS + Vegetable + Dairy+ Mushroom+ Poultry resulted in highest net returns under conventional farming; whereas under natural farming, combination of CS + Vegetable + Mushroom + Poultry resulted in highest net returns under existing farm plan. Optimization of farming system was done using linear programming. With optimal resource allocation it was predicted that under conventional integrated farming system, maximum returns can be obtained with allocating maximum area and resources to field crops and vegetable cropping systems components. Whereas, maximum returns can be obtained by integrating and allocating available resources to vegetable based cropping systems component and poultry component under natural farming. The study suggests that farm resources were not optimally allocated in existing plan. With modification in existing component combinations emanated from the linear programming net farm profit can be increased.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810195591
dc.keywordsNatural farming, Conventional integrated farming system model, Refinement, Mid-hillen_US
dc.language.isoEnglishen_US
dc.pages205en_US
dc.publisherCSK HPKV, Palampuren_US
dc.subAgronomyen_US
dc.themeTo refine the existing IFS model for natural farming for higher productivity, profitability and sustainability; and to identify and optimize the component linkages for integrated farming system.en_US
dc.these.typePh.Den_US
dc.titleRefinement of conventional integrated farming system model with natural farmingen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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