EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND CLINICOTHERAPEUTIC STUDIES ON ENZOOTIC BOVINE HEMATURIA THESIS
Loading...
Date
2017
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
CSKHPKV, Palampur
Abstract
The present investigation was conducted on 59 cattle presented with history of
hematuria at clinical camps held at Sainj valley of district Kullu, Barot and Janjheli valley
of district Mandi. Enzootic bovine hematuria (EBH) is prevalent in Kullu, Mandi, Shimla,
Chamba and Sirmour districts of Himachal Pradesh. Maximum incidence of EBH was
reported in age group of 2 to 8 years (34 cases, 57.62%). Males (50.84%) were equally
affected as females (49.15%). Breed wise, maximum cases of hematuria were recorded in
Zebu cattle (64.40%) followed by Jersey-cross (30.50%) and Holstein Friesian (5.08%).
The prominent clinical signs were voiding of blood stained urine, pale visible mucous
membranes, mild tachycardia (76.47 ± 1.39 per min), general debility, depressed rumen
motility (1.79 ± 0.05 per 2 min) with normal appetite. Haematological examination
revealed significantly low haemoglobin (7.59 ± 0.20 g/dl), packed cell volume (25.28 ±
0.71%), total erythrocyte count (4.61 ± 0.13×10⁶/µl), mean corpuscular volume (55.19 ±
0.84 fl) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin (16.58 ± 0.21 pg) values indicating microcytic
hypochromic anaemia. Leucopenia (5.64 ± 0.29× 103
/µl), lymphopenia (53.16 ± 1.61%)
and monocytosis (6.94 ± 0.31%) were also observed. Biochemically, EBH affected
animals had hypoproteinaemia (5.83 ± 0.09 g/dl), hypoglycaemia (49.05 ± 1.07 mg/dl),
hypocalcaemia (7.88 ± 0.05 mg/dl), hypophosphataemia (3.42 ± 0.03 mg/dl) and iron
deficiency (84.03 ± 1.20mg/dl) with elevated blood urea nitrogen (37.27 ± 2.32 mg/dl) and
creatinine levels (2.00 ± 0.16 mg/dl). BPV-2 DNA was detected from 19 out of 45 blood
samples of EBH affected cattle. Urine was alkaline in nature (pH 8.48 ± 0.14), normal
specific gravity (1.020 ± 0.001) and average erythrocytic count of 0.35 ± 0.03× 10⁶/cu mm
of urine. Urine was positive for protein (100%) and glucose (48%). Microbiological
investigation of urine samples revealed that Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp. and
Proteus spp. were the major associated bacterial infections. Ultrasonography proved to be
a useful tool for evaluation of vesicular diverticular neoplasm and is a very sensitive
indicator for detecting space occupying lesions at a very early stage. Symptomatic therapy
comprising of antibiotic, haemostat, haematinic mixture and mineral mixture lead to mild
and transient response suggesting long term therapy to increase longevity of affected
animal.
Description
Keywords
null