EFFECT OF NPK LEVELS ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF OKRA CULTIVARS DURING HOT WEATHER PERIOD
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Date
1997
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Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University
Abstract
Field experiment was conducted during hot weather period of 1997 on sandy loam soils of Orchard Block, Agricultural College Farm, Bapatla to study the perfor— mance of okra cultivars at different fertilizer levels. The experiment was laid out in a split—plot design with three cultivars viz., Parbhani Kranti, Arka Anamika and Pusa Sawani as main plots and four levels of fertilizers viz., 0—0—0, 50—25—25, 100-50—50 and 150—75u75 N, P205, K 0 kg ha_1 as sub plots and replicated three times. 2 Cultivar Pusa Sawani followed by Arka Anamika showed significant increase in vegetative characters Viz.,
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plant height, number of leaves and number of nodes per plant. Application of 150 kg N, 75 kg P205 and 75 kg K20 ha was found to be increasing the growth and development of okra. Days taken to flowering, first picking and fruiting period were significantly influenced by cultivars and fertilizer levels. There was significant increase in fruit length, fruit weight and number of fruits per plant with the cultivar Pusa Sawani and fertilizer application of 150 kg N, 75 kg P205 and 75 kg K20 ha_1 and also their interaction. Significant increase was observed in number of seeds per pod, lOO—seed weight with the cultivar Arka Anamika and with fertilizer level of 150 kg N, 75 kg P205 and 75 kg K20 ha_l while ascorbic acid content of fruit was highest with the cultivar Parbhani Kranti and higher level of fertilizer application. Dry matter production, leaf area, leaf area index, leaf area duration, crop growth rate, relative growth rate and net assimilation rate were significantly influenced by cultivars, fertilizer levels and their interactions.
Singificant increase in nutrient uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by the plant was observed with cultivars and fertilizer levels. Cultivar Arka Anamika showed comparatively lower uptake of nitrogen and potassium nutrients but produced considerable growth for economical yields. Correlation studies revealed that yield per plant had significant positive correlation with its attributes like plant height, number of branches, number of nodes per plant, days to first flowering, days to first picking, dry matter accumulation, number of fruits, fruit length, fruit weight, number of seeds per fruit, seed weight per fruit, lOO—seed weight and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake by the plant. Cv. Arka Anamika when supplied with 100 kg N, 50 205 and 50 kg K20 was found to be better over other cultivars and levels of fertilizer application in the kg P production of eConomic yield during hot weather period. The study demonstrated the importance of cultivar selection and necessity of fertilizer application for economical production of okra during hot weather period.
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D5386