Effect of zinc levels on yield and quality of soybean and it's residual effect on wheat in a vertisol
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Date
2014
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JNKVV
Abstract
Thesis Abstract
A field experiment entitled “Effect of Zn levels on Yield and Quality of Soybean and its Residual Effect on Wheat in a Vertisol” was conducted during, 2013-14 at experimental station of department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidhyalaya, Jabalpur (M.P.) to assess the effect of Zn levels and their periodicity on yield and quality of soybean-wheat crop. The soybean (JS 97-52) was sown on 5/7/213 @ 100 kg ha-1 with 40 cm row to row distance. The basal dose of 20 N- 80 P2O5 and 40 k2O kg ha-1 was applied at the time of sowing. The Zn levels @ 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10 kg Zn ha-1 were applied at each and alternate year in soybean crop and their residual effect was observed in wheat crop. The soybean was harvested on 30/10/2013. The wheat (GW 273) was sown on 30/11/2013 @ 100 kg ha-1 with 22.5 cm row to row distance. The basal dose of 120 N- 60 P2O5 and 40 K2O kg ha-1 was applied on the time of sowing and remain N was applied in two equal dose at the time of CIR and at flowering stage. The wheat was harvested on 7/4/2014. The effect of increasing Zn levels on Zn content at 45 DAS, 90 DAS and at harvest, yield, uptake and quality of soybean crop and available nutrient and Zn fractions after harvest of soybean were studied.
The each year Zn application significantly increased the Zn uptake by seed and available Zn content in soil after harvest of soybean over alternate year Zn application but the difference between the two treatments was found non-significant for other parameter of soybean and wheat.
Application of increasing levels of Zn significantly increased the Zn content in soybean at 45 DAS, 90 DAS, in seed and stover, Zn uptake by seed, stover and total Zn uptake, crude protein and oil content and Zn fraction (water soluble, complexed, organic bound, occluded, residual and total) and organic carbon in soil over control. The seed and stover yield of soybean and available N, P, K @ 5 kg ha-1 was found significantly superior to control but higher than that Zn levels were found on par amongst themselves. However, the application of 5 kg Zn was found significantly superior to 2.5 kg Zn for Zn content at 90 DAS, in seed and stover and Zn uptake by stover and total Zn uptake, protein and oil content in soybean and organic carbon content in soil. However, the Zn uptake by stover and total Zn uptake by soybean with 10 kg Zn ha-1 was found significant over 5 kg Zn ha-1. Increasing levels of Zn successively and significantly increased the available Zn content in soil after harvest of soybean.
Residual effect of increasing levels of Zn also significantly increased the Zn content in wheat plant at 45, 90 DAS and in wheat grain and straw at harvest, grain and straw yield and their uptake and protein content over control. However, the Zn content with residual effect of 5 kg Zn ha-1 was found significantly superior to 2.5 kg Zn ha-1 at 45 DAS, 90 DAS and Zn content in wheat grain and total Zn uptake by wheat. The wheat grain yield with 5 and 7.5 kg Zn ha-1 successively and significantly increased. The residual effect of increasing levels Zn also successively and significantly increased the available Zn content in soil after harvest of wheat.
Each or alternate year Zn application @ 5 kg Zn ha-1 in soybean and its residual effect significantly increased the yield, quality (protein and oil content), Zn content in and uptake by soybean and wheat respectively.
The maximum content of water soluble, exchangeable, occluded, residual and total Zn fractions in soil were observed at 5 kg Zn ha-1. While complexed and organic bound Zn fraction was found maximum at 10 kg Zn ha-1.
Water soluble, exchangeable, occluded, residual and total Zn content were found highly correlated with yield and Zn content of soybean. While water soluble, exchangeable, complexed, organic bound and occluded Zn fraction were found highly correlated with Zn uptake by soybean as well as yield, Zn content and uptake by wheat.