Genetic diversity analysis in F4 and F5 rust resistant-derived progenies of bread wheat using molecular markers
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Date
2018
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CCSHAU
Abstract
The present study was carried out for evaluation of F4 and F5 generation progenies derived from two crosses namely WH 1105 (resistant) x WH 711 (susceptible) and Raj 3765 (resistant) x WH 711 (susceptible) for identification of some better performing progenies for different traits along with yellow rust resistance. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design (RBD) during Rabi season of 2015-16 and 2016-17 in the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. Data were recorded for response to yellow rust along with various morphological traits including plant height, number of tillers/plant, ear length, ear weight, number of grains/ear, grain weight/ear, number of spikelets/ear, 100-grain weight, grain yield/plant, biological yield/plant and harvest index. On the basis of mean performance, a total of 23 progenies derived from cross WH 1105 x WH 711 and 35 progenies derived from cross Raj 3765 x WH 711, were found better performing than the superior parent for different traits along with yellow rust resistance. This suggests that these progenies may become future high yielding and yellow rust resistant varieties. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences for all traits studied among the progenies. The correlation studies reveal highly significant positive association of grain yield/plant with all the important yield contributing traits. The path-coefficient analysis suggested the importance of biological yield/plant and harvest index as they exhibited high positive direct effects on grain yield/plant. The F4 generation progenies showed highly significant and positive intergeneration correlation and regression with F5 generation progenies for all the characters which concluded that the performance of progenies in F4 generation is a reliable indicator of the performance of progenies in subsequent generations. Narrow sense heritability based on parent offspring regression coefficient was high for number of grains/ear, grain weight/ear and grain yield/plant which implied that these traits may be given attention during selection. D2 analysis grouped the F4 and F5 generation progenies derived from both the crosses into different groups. The traits viz., number of grains/ear, grain weight/ear, number of tillers/plant and number of spikelets/ear contributed more than 60% per cent towards total divergence. Principal component analysis revealed that first five components accounting for more than 80% of the total variance. PC1 and PC2 contributing more to the total variation among progenies, were attributed to discriminatory traits such as number of spikelets/ear, ear length, 100-grain weight, grain yield/plant and grain weight/ear and, therefore, can be regarded as grain yield factors cumulatively. Total 100 SSR markers (including Yr specific primers) were used to detect parental polymorphism, out of which, 92 SSRs showed amplification in parental genotypes, WH 1105 and WH 711. 33 SSR markers were found polymorphic and the remaining 59 produced monomorphic bands. While 90 SSRs showed amplification in parental genotypes, RAJ 3765 and WH 711, of which, 31 SSRs were found polymorphic and the rest 59 were found monomorphic. It was confirmed by NTSYS-PC UPGMA cluster tree and dendrogram that two parents were genetically diverse and the progeny lines were interspersed between the two parents for yellow rust in both the crosses.
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