TOXIN GENE PROFILING AND THERAPEUTIC STUDIES OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS IN CAPRINE MASTITIS
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Date
2018
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COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES, POOKODE WAYANAD
Abstract
Goats are one of the most important livestock animals because of the high profitable
margin and low investment which makes them suitable for small and marginal
farmers. Loss of production of milk leads to undernourishment of kids and
subsequently death. Hence it is important to control mastitis in goats. The present
study was designed to know the etiology, occurrence of mastitis and the sensitivity
pattern of the pathogens in Wayanad district. The study mainly concentrated on
Staphylococcus species and that too S. aureus. A total of 45 milk samples were
collected from goats suffering from clinical mastitis. The milk was subjected to
culture and sensitivity tests. Out of the 45 isolates, S. aureus was the most
predominant organism (33.3%) followed by coagulase negative staphylococcus
(28.8%), E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas (8.8% each), Streptococcus spp.,
Enterobacter spp., (4.4% each) and S. intermedius (2.2%). The most sensitive
antibiotic in vitro showed ceftriaxone-tazobactam as the most sensitive antibiotic
(97.8%) followed by cefoperazone sulbactam (86.3%), cefoperazone (74%),
tetracycline, enrofloxacin (60% each) and amoxycillin (57%). The goats suffering
from staphylococcal mastitis were considered for the treatment trial. The test subjects
were divided into three groups. The first group was treated with amoxycillinsulbactam, the second group with cefoperazone-sulbactam and the third with
enrofloxacin. All the goats were treated for five days and in addition to antibiotics
supportive therapy was given. The clinical cure and was assessed after five days.
Molecular detection of virulence factor of S. aureus, namely staphylococcal
enterotoxin (SEA, SEB, SEC, SED), Exfoliative toxin A (ETA), Toxic shock
syndrome toxin-1 (TSST1), Staphylococcal protein A and accessory gene regulator 1
(AGR1) was done. Most of the S. aureus carried SPA (86.6%), only 40% carried
AGR1 and SEA and SEB were detected in 13.3 per cent of isolates each. Rest of the
toxins were not detected in any of the isolates.
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