Genetic analysis of hybrid fertility and yield contributing traits in indica, japonica and wide compatibility genotypes of rice (Oryza sativa L.)
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Date
2023-01-26
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CSK HPKV, Palampur
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Genetic analysis of hybrid fertility and yield contributing
traits in indica, japonica and wide compatibility genotypes of rice (Oryza sativa L.)” was
undertaken to get the information on nature and magnitude of gene action, combining ability
and heterosis and thereby indentifying potential parents and cross combinations for yield, cold
tolerance and disease restistance that could support further improvements of rice productivity
using indica japonica hybrids. Eight parents viz; SKUA 500, SKUA 538, SKUA 536-2, HPR
3106, HPR 2143, Bhrigudhan, Naggardhan and Varundhan were crossed following Griffing’s
method 2, model I in a half diallel fashion. Experimental material comprising of eight rice
parents and twenty-eight hybrids were evaluated in RBD with three replications during kharif
2021 and 2022 at Rice and Wheat Research Centre, Malan and for the cold tolerance in rabi
2020-21at the experimental farm of the Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture,
CSK HPKV, Palampur. Under cold conditions spikelet fertility was observed in the order of
japonica x japonica lines > japonica x wide compatible lines > indica x japonica lines > indica
x wide compatible lines > indica x indica lines.The analysis of variance revealed significant
differences among the genotypes for all the traits studied in all the environments, suggesting
prevalence of wide range of genetic variability. Genotype x Environment (G × E) interaction
was significant for most of the traits except days to 75% maturity, plant height, flag leaf
length, flag leaf width, spikelet fertility, length:breadth ratio and amylose content indicating a
definite role of environment on the performance of genotypes. SCA variances were higher
than the GCA Variances and average degree of dominance was more than unity, thus showing
preponderance of non-additive gene action for all the traits except amylose content. Based on
GCA effects, SKUA 500, HPR 2143 and HPR 3106 were the most promising general
combiners for grain yield/plant and most of the yield components. On the basis of SCA effect
and heterosis, the cross combinations SKUA 500 x Naggardhan, SKUA 536-2 x HPR 2143,
HPR 2143 x Bhrigudhan, SKUA 536-2 x Naggardhan and HPR 2143 x Varundhan were
found best in pooled environment. Positive correlation of grains/panicle, grain length, and
harvest index with grain yield/plant in parents and hybrids along with positive direct effect in
path analysis revealed importance of these traits for selection of high yielding genotypes.