GROSS, HISTOMORPHOLOGICAL AND HISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON PECTEN OCULI OF GUINEA FOWL (Numida meleagris)
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Date
2017
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Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bikaner
Abstract
Pecten Oculi of Gunia fowl (Numida meleagris) was studied for its
gross, histological, histochemical and transmission electron microscopical
(TEM) observations. A total of 18 eyes were studied which were collected
from the identified meat shop located in the vicinity of City of Udaipur. The
study revealed that dark black velvety pecten oculi has 13 to 17 number of
accordion (pectineal) folds which initiated from cauda of optic nerve and
travelled via fundus distally into the vitreous humour as an undulated natured
pathway as snake. Macroscopically the shape of pecten oculi was not
different than sail board. In gross study maximum average length and height
of pecten oculi found 3.378 ± 0.061 mm and 5.913 ± 0.074 mm respectively.
Histomorphologically the pecten oculi showed an organization as the festoon
of blood capillaries with their elastic, collagen and reticular fibers which
correspond with the structure of spring diving board. Its working principle is also getting matched with Hook’s law, how the diving spring board works. Melanocytes, melanosomes and melanin granules were observed in and
around blood capillaries of pectin oculi. The highest concentration of melanin
was observed in the apex. Histochemically the pecten oculi was shown very
weak activity of acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase. It has shown a
strong activity of glycogen at optic nerve and collagen fibers of pectineal
capillaries. Ultrastructurally, the nucleated erythrocytes were witnessed at
luminal area of pectineal blood capillary and the endothelium was elaborating
tight intercellular junction. The primary and secondary lamellae were
observed in the luminal region of pectineal capillary wherein pigment
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depositing globules were discovered. Pecten oculi of Guinea fowl (Numida
meleagris) performed various functions which were well established and also
it identified as the organ of hemostatic function, support system to retina to
get visual acuity, phagocytic, immunity, the source of energy for vitreous humour by way of diffusion.
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