COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF STAINLESS STEEL AND TITANIUM LOCKING COMPRESSION PLATES FOR REPAIR OF RADIUS AND ULNA SHAFT FRACTURES IN DOGS
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Date
2016-12
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SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA
Abstract
ABSTRACT:
Dogs with unstable radius and ulna shaft fractures which were diagnosed by
clinical signs, orthopaedic examination and survey radiography were taken as clinical
material for the study. The incidence of breed, age, sex, body weight, etiology and
type fracture was studied. Twelve selected cases of unstable radius and ulna shaft
fractures were equally divided into two groups and the fractures were stabilized with
indigenously made stainless steel Locking Compression Plates along with locking
screws (group I) and titanium Locking Compression Plates along with locking screws
(group II) following standard AO/ASIF procedures. Selection of appropriate size of
plate and screws according to body weight and type of fracture (2.7 mm plate for dogs
below 11 kg body weight and 3.5 mm plate for dogs above 11 kg body weight)
provided good stability. In both the groups no technical difficulties were observed
while application of stainless steel and titanium LCP for radius and ulna shaft
fractures. The outcome of fracture stabilization and healing was evaluated with
postoperative lameness grading, radiography and biochemical analysis. All animals
diagnosed with unstable radius ulna shaft fractures were with grade 4 lameness before
surgical management. Post operatively, all cases in both groups showed weight
bearing with functional limb usage of grade 0 lameness and good joint mobility after
four weeks. Early weight bearing of limb without complications was observed in
titanium LCP stabilized cases. Postoperative complications of wound dehiscence and
incisional infection were observed in two cases of stainless steel LCP stabilized cases.
Postoperatively the radiographical healing time was same for both groups. The
fractures showed radiographically excellent post operative healing by cortical union,
absence of fracture lines with limited and also bridging callus in an average period of
7-11 weeks in both groups. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference (P < 0.01) in increase of serum alkaline phosphatase and C-reactive protein values postoperatively in both the groups. The serum alkaline phosphotase and C-reactive protein values significantly
increased from 0 day to 14th day and there after reached to normal values by 45th post
operative day in both the groups. In conclusion, both stainless steel and titanium LCP were good for stabilization of unstable radius and ulna fractures in dogs for bone healing, however
early limb ambulance and excellent clinical outcome without postoperative
complications was observed with titanium LCP due to its biocompatibility, high
corrosive resistance and lower modulus than stainless steel. Due to these
advantageous properties, titanium LCP is preferred for repair of radius and ulna shaft
fractures in dogs even though they are slightly expensive than stainless steel LCP.
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