BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF PIGEONPEA CYST NEMATODE (Heterodera cajani K03HY) INFECTING PIGEONPEA (Cajanus cajan (L.) MILL.)
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Date
1999-08-30
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE
Abstract
Rhizosphere soils from pigeonpea monocropped fields
of Gulbarga district, Karnataka were screened for isolation of
native antagonistic fungi against the pigeonpea cyst
nematode, viz. B. cajani. Accordingly five fungal species, viz.
AspergiIlus nidulans {Emericella niduians), Penicillium sp.
Fusarium sp. Botryodiplodia theohromae and Cladosporium
herbarum were isolated. This is the first report of C.
herharum parasitising the cysts of H. cajani.
C. herbarum and B. theobromae were compared for their
biocontrol efficiency. C. herbarum was more rapid in
parasitising the cysts of H. cajani (97.00% of cysts in 96
hours of inoculation) than B. theobromae (49.00% in the same
time).
Pathogenicity tests confirmed that C. herbarum was
nonpathogenic to pigeonpea.
C. herbarum @ 25 g giant culture per pot reduced the
cyst population of H. cajani to the tune of 53.77 per cent.
Similarly, organic amendments, viz. farm yard manure, pigeonpea
leaf litter, poultry manure, sorghum root bits and neem cake
applied at different doses to the soil were able to reduce the
cyst population in the range of 18.14 to 45.44 per cent.
Combined application of C. herbarum and the organic
amendments resulted in the maximum reduction of the cysts
(79.30%).
Application of different organic amendments to the
soil resulted in the increase in population of C. herbarum in
the range of 19.33 to 28.06 per cent.
H. cajani reduced the total biomass of pigeonpea to
the tune of 34.22 per cent within 90 days of inoculation, but
on application of C. herbarum and organic amendments to the
soil H. cajani was effectively controlled and total biomass was
increased in the range of 21.33 to 45.78 per cent.
C. herbarum was suitable for both seed and soil
formulations. Both these formulations can be stored for 3
months under room conditions.
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