Exploitation of genetic parameters and variability in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes
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Date
2023-07-29
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CCSHAU, Hisar
Abstract
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a widely consumed pulse in the world. In India, it is known by various local names in different states of India, like Chana in Haryana. The chickpea sown during the rabi season, is the most productive and important crop of all the pulses grown in India. In order to fulfil the demand of a growing population, chickpea production has increased recently throughout the nation, forcing the creation and application of high-yielding cultivars. The current experiment was carried out in the rabi season of 2022–2023 at the Pulses Research Area of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. The study included 81 different genotypes of chickpea, which were evaluated for yield and yield contributed traits. The whole experiment was conducted in a Randomised Complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replication. Significant genotype variation was found for all yield and yield-attributing traits. The morphological characterization of chickpeas was done in accordance with the DUS Guidelines. The seed yield had significant positive association with plant height, number of primary branches, number of secondary branches, number of pods, number of empty pods, pods weight, biological yield and harvest index. Path coefficient have high positive direct effects on plant height, biological yield, harvest index, number of secondary branches, days to 50% flowering, number of pods per plant and pods weight per plant and negative direct effect for number of empty pod per plant, days to first podding, number of pod per plant, days to first flowering, pods weight and days to 50 % flowering. High estimates of PCV % and GCV % of the chickpea genotypes were observed for plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, number of pods per plant, number of empty pods per plant, pods weight per plants, biological yield per plant and harvesting index. On the basis of phenotypic variance in genotypes viz H 20-20, H 20-105, H 20-142, H 20-74, GNG 2557, GNG 2461were found superior and genetically diverse. In the current study, these elite genotypes showed superiority for yield, and traits that contribute to yield can be taken advantage in future chickpea improvement programmes using advanced generation selection.