MOLECULAR DETECTION AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDIES OF VIRAL DISEASES AFFECTING NERVOUS SYSTEM OF DOGS AND CATS
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Date
2018
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COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES, POOKODE WAYANAD
Abstract
A number of viruses affects the nervous system of dogs and cats
resulting in various diseases. The common viruses affecting nervous system
of dogs include Rabies virus (RV), Canine Distemper virus (CDV) and Suid
herpes virus-1 (SHV-1) and that of cats are Feline Panleukopenia virus
(FPV) and Feline Infectious Peritonitis virus (FIPV). A comprehensive
study was done to detect the presence of RV, CDV, SHV-1, FPV and FIPV
in dogs and cats in Kerala. A total of 67 brain tissue samples collected from
67 dogs and cats of various districts were utilized for the study. The tissue
samples were examined for gross lesions as well as histopathological lesions
after formalin fixation and further tissue processing. Lesions like negri
body, Babes nodules, perivascular cuffing, hypoplasia of the pyramidal cell
layer, necrosis of the purkinje cells were the important histopathological
lesions found in brain tissues examined in different positive cases.
Molecular detection was also carried out after RNA/ DNA extraction. For
RV detection, direct Fluorescent Antibody Test (dFAT) and reverse
transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeting N gene region
was carried out and 15 samples were detected as positive. By sequencing
and BLAST analysis, it was found that RV isolate has similarity with Indian
isolates. For CDV detection, RT-PCR targeting N gene region were done
and two samples were detected as positive. On BLAST analysis, it was
found that CDV isolates had much similarity to other Indian isolates. For
FPV detection, PCR targeting VP2 gene was carried out and eight samples
were detected as positive. On BLAST analysis, it showed much similarity
to Indian isolates. For SHV-1 detection, PCR targeting gB gene and for
FIPV detection nested RT-PCR targeting 3’ UTR gene was carried out and
none of the samples were detected as positive. The study could successfully
detect the presence of rabies, canine distemper and feline panleukopenia in
dogs and cats in various districts of north Kerala.
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