A CRITICAL ANALYSIS ON STATUS AND PERFORMANCE OF ONGOLE CATTLE IN THE BREEDING TRACT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
| dc.contributor.advisor | JAGADEESWARARAO, S(MAJOR) | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Venkata Seshaiah, Ch. | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Srinivas Kumar, D | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Vinoo, R | |
| dc.contributor.author | DHARMA RAO, M.V | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2020-11-04T07:01:58Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2020-11-04T07:01:58Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2020-07 | |
| dc.description | THESES | en_US |
| dc.description.abstract | The aim of this study was to find out the present status of Ongole cattle, its production and reproduction performance, existing management practices and constraints perceived by the Ongole cattle farmers and to quantify the association of morphometric characters with production and reproduction traits in Ongole cattle. The trend in the total bovine population of Andhra Pradesh indicated that the indigenous cattle population was decreased (47.2 per cent), while crossbred population increased to 239 per cent and buffalo population marginally decreased during the period of 1997 to 2017. The total Ongole breed population was 1,85,104 numbers in the state of Andhra Pradesh and the breed tract of six districts had about 1,06,597 numbers, which accounts for 57.0 per cent in total Ongole cattle population of the state. The overall least squares mean for total lactation milk yield, milk yield per day of lactation and milk yield per day of calving interval, peak yield, days to reach peak yield and lactation length, was 716.03 ± 7.81 kg, 2.98± 0.02 kg, 1.55± 0.04 kg, 4.25 ± 0.15 kg, 65.68 ± 0.89 days and 241.34 ± 2.01 days, respectively. The production traits were significantly (P<0.01) influenced by the location of the location of the farm, period of calving and lactation order. The least square mean of age at first calving, dry period, service period and calving interval was 1586.94 ± 9.14, 275.69 ± 5.06, 226.44 ± 4.31 and 511.08 ± 6.00 days, respectively. All the reproduction traits under study were significantly (P<0.01) influenced by the farm, period and order of lactation. The mean animal length, height, heart girth, abdominal girth, neck length and udder length, for the cows of organized farms were 139.17±0.55, 140.29±0.41, 174.83±0.88, 189.75±1.09, 47.70±0.78, and 31.81±0.57 cm whilst, for farmer cows were 141.03±0.75, 143.07±0.55, 178.59±1.20, 194.40±1.48, 28.58±0.77 and 28.58±0.77 cm, respectively. The differences were found to be significant (P<0.01) and the variation in rest of morphometric traits were found to be non-significant. The average total lactation milk yield in Ongole cows of both farm and farmers herds was 918.76±45.57 kg and was significantly (P<0.01) influenced by the udder area and skin fold thickness. The mean lactation length was 239.11±11.00 days, which was significantly (P<0.01) influenced by the herd, cephalic index and skin fold thickness. The peak yield was 5.78±0.23 kg and was significantly (P<0.01) influenced by the herd and skin fold thickness. Cows of farmers’ herds took more number of days to reach peak yield when compared to the cows of organized herds. The mean dry period, service period and the calving interval for farm and farmer herds was 185.50±15.99, 226.51±16.42 and 475.80±16.05 days, respectively. Total lactation milk yield had a significant (P<0.01) and positive correlations with udder area, udder length and cephalic index whereas, negatively correlated with skin fold thickness. The lactation length was positively correlated with face length, cephalic index and udder area whereas, negatively correlated with skin fold thickness in Ongole cattle. Majority of respondents of Ongole cattle rearers in the breeding tract belonged to middle age group had small family with high percentage of literacy and possessed marginal to small land holdings and agriculture was the main occupation. Most of the farmers had knowledge about breeding practices, followed AI and select the bulls based on physical characters. Most of the animals were allowed for grazing and the predominant dry fodder was found to be paddy straw. Loose housing, kutcha sheds with thatched roof was the most common housing, adjacent to near to farmers’ residence. Hand milking was common and none of the farmers practiced weaning. Among the constraints perceived by Ongole cattle rearers, majority of farmers expressed feeding related problems (64.68 percent) in cattle (high cost of concentrate feeds and crop residues etc) and it was ranked first. The mean Garrett’s scores for other constraints in descending order were 59.41, 57.11, 52.66, 51.78 and 47.33 per cents for general, breeding, breed characteristics, health care and marketing problems related, respectively in the Ongole cattle breeding tract of Andhra Pradesh. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810154363 | |
| dc.keywords | ONGOLE CATTLE;BREEDING TRACT;CRITICAL ANALYSIS;PERFORMANCE; ANDHRA PRADESH | en_US |
| dc.language.iso | English | en_US |
| dc.pages | 251 | en_US |
| dc.publisher | SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517502. (A.P.) INDIA | en_US |
| dc.sub | Livestock Production and Management | en_US |
| dc.theme | A CRITICAL ANALYSIS ON STATUS AND PERFORMANCE OF ONGOLE CATTLE IN THE BREEDING TRACT OF ANDHRA PRADESH | en_US |
| dc.these.type | Ph.D | en_US |
| dc.title | A CRITICAL ANALYSIS ON STATUS AND PERFORMANCE OF ONGOLE CATTLE IN THE BREEDING TRACT OF ANDHRA PRADESH | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |