Integrated management of rice root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola in transplanted rice
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Date
2019
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CCSHAU
Abstract
Studies were carried out on integrated management of rice root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne
graminicola in transplanted rice involving three pronged strategies i.e. laboratory, screen house and
farmer‟s field conditions. Under laboratory conditions, all the substances (rhizobacteria, aqueous
extract of phytotherapeutic substances and chemicals) inhibited larval hatch and mortality of M.
graminicola at all dilutions i.e. 1:5, 1:10, 1:20, 1:40 and 1:80 and at each interval of exposure period
i.e. 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 days. Maximum and significantly higher hatching inhibition and larval mortality
was found, where eggs and larvae of M. graminicola were exposed to the chemicals i.e. carbosulfan
followed by cartap hydrochloride. Among the rhizobacterial strains and plant extracts, the maximum
hatching inhibition and larval mortality was observed in Azotobactor chroococcum (HT-54) which is
statistically at par with aqueous extracts of Azadirachta indica. However, A. chroococcum HT 54, A.
indica and carbosulfan gave maximum inhibition of egg hatch and mortalty at 1:5 and 1:10 dilutions
irrespective of period of exposure. Under nursery conditions, neem cake @ 50g/pot+P. fluorescens @
50 g/pot treatments had significantly highest seedling growth of rice as compared to untreated check. It
was found that integration of neem cake @ 50g/pot with P. fluorescens @ 50 g/pot (nursery)
significantly reduced the nematode reproduction and multiplication. Upon transplanting of treated
nursery into already treated soil under screen house conditions, it was found that integration of treated
nursery (neem cake @ 50g/pot+P. fluorescens @ 50 g/pot) with neem cake @ 25g/pot+P. fluorescens
@ 25 g/pot) had significantly highest plant growth parameters and minimum nematode reproduction
and multiplication under screen house conditions. Similarly, reproduction factor was found minimum
in treated nursery (neem cake @ 50g/pot+P. fluorescens @ 50 g/pot) with neem cake @ 25g/pot+P.
fluorescens @ 25 g/pot. In main field experiment, where treated nursery treatments were integrated
with main field treatments, significantly highest and maximum yield was obtained in combination of
treated nursery (neem cake @ 50g/pot+P. fluorescens @ 50 g/pot) with deep summer ploughing. It was
observed that combination of treated nursery (neem cake @ 50g/pot+P. fluorescens @ 50 g/pot)
with+deep summer ploughing significantly reduced the nematode reproduction and multiplication.
Similarly, it was observed that highest rice grain yield was recorded when treated seedlings were
transplanted in combination of deep summer ploughing. Such studies will lead us to a scenario where
management of M. graminicola would be possible by integration of ecofriendly, economic and
effective components starting from laboratory to nursery and to the end point of rice cultivation in the
main field.
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