PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON GRAIN QUALITY IMPROVEMENT BY INHIBITION OF LEAF SENESCENCE IN BLACKGRAM (Vigna mungo (L.) HEPPER)
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Date
2019
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Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Physiological studies on grain quality improvement by inhibition of leaf senescence in blackgram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper)” was undertaken at Agricultural College Farm, Bapatla during kharif, 2018. Three different concentrations of kinetin (10-2, 10-3 and 10-4 M), potassium nitrate (5 and 10 g L-1) and urea (10 and 20 g L-1) along with untreated control and water application control were imposed as foliar treatments on blackgram cv PU-31 in a randomized block design with three replications. Treatments were applied at three different times of reproductive growth viz., 10 days before 50% flowering, 50% flowering and 10 days after 50% flowering.
Leaf senescence was studied by measuring chlorophyll content, APX acitivity, NR activity and urease acitivity. Kinetin at 10-4 M concentration appeared to be better in inhibiting leaf senescence during the reproductive phase of blackgram. Results also showed that lower concentrations of nitrogen sources (0.5% KNo3 and 1% urea) were better in decreasing the leaf senescence in black gram.
Nodule senescence was studied by estimation of Lb content, APX activity and soluble nitrogen in black gram. Results showed that foliar application of kinetin at lower concentration (10-4 M) and higher concentrations of nitrogen sources i.e., potassium nitrate (1%) and urea (2%) decreased the nodule senescence most effectively.
Inhibition of leaf senescence by kinetin resulted in the inhibition of nodule senescence, showing the association between leaf and nodule senescence.
Mobilization of nitrogen between leaf, stem and root nodules in black gram was complex during reproductive phase since the treatments resulting in significant soluble nitrogen content changes differed in each organ during the reproductive phase of black gram.
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Foliar application of urea at 1% and kinetin at 10-4 M though on par with each other significantly increased the grain yield per plant in blackgram, while potassium nitrate had no significant effect. Foliar application of both the nitrogen forms (KNO3 and urea) in the current experiment with black gram enhanced the test weight of seeds significantly over controls, while the effect of kinetin was non-significant on the same. Increasing concentrations of both potassium nitrate and urea increased the grain protein content significantly, while with kinetin there was a decrease with 10-2 M from 10-3 M. Urea at both the concentrations (1% and 2%) and lower concentration of kinetin (10-4 M) significantly enhanced the harvest index of black gram in the current experiment, while potassium nitrate didn‟t affect it in any significant manner.
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D5952
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