AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OF AGRICULTURAL WASTE FOLLOWED BY VERMICOMPOSTING AND ENRICHMENT

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dc.contributor.advisorTriveni, S
dc.contributor.authorPRASANNA KUMAR, B
dc.date.accessioned2016-12-31T09:51:20Z
dc.date.available2016-12-31T09:51:20Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.description.abstractIn the present study the experiment was conducted during 2015-16 at Department of Agricultural microbiology and Bioenergy, College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, PJTSAU, Hyderabad. To expand the range of natural bio-resources the rapidly evolving tools of biotechnology can lower the conversion costs and also enhance target yield of the product of interest. Cellulolytic microorganisms have been isolated from different soil samples and also from waste samples characterized and screened for their efficiency in cellulose degrading activity. The best isolates were further tested for their enzyme activity. These efficient isolates were used for the pretreatment of agricultural waste (Maize straw) and horticultural waste (Banana fruit waste) prior to aerobic and anaerobic digestion determination. Cowdung along with agricultural waste and horticultural waste were used for composting, vermicomposting, biogas production and bioethanol production in lab scale. By the end of the process of aerobic composting and anaerobic digestion of agricultural waste the reduction percentage of Total Solids (TS) (14.99 %), pH (7.58), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) (190.82 g l-1), Cellulose (16.20 %), bacterial population count (6.4 x 106 CFU g-1) and actinomycetes (6.1 x 104 CFU g-1) was significantly more in T1 (Composting without pretreatment). Reduction of Organic carbon (31.32 %) was significantly more in T2 (Composting with pretreatment). Reduction in Total Volatile Solids (TVS) (76.48 %), Nitrogen (2.00 %) and Potassium (1.50 %) was significantly more in T3 (Vermicomposting without pretreatment). Reduction of Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA) (0.38 g l-1) was significantly more in T4 (Vermicomposting with pretreatment). Change in pH (7.58) was significantly more in T5 (Biogas production without pretreatment). Reduction in Phosphorus (1.65 %), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) (90.65 mg l-1) and fungal population count (3.8 x 104 CFU g-1) was significantly more in T6 (Biogas production with pretreatment). By the end of the process of aerobic composting and anaerobic digestion of agricultural waste the deterioration of Nitrogen (1.05 %), Potassium (0.68 %), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) (45.80 mg l-1) and fungal population count (2.1 x 104 CFU g-1) was significantly less in T1 (Composting without pretreatment). Reduction in Phsphorus (0.38 %) was significantly less in T2 (Composting with pretreatment). Reduction in Organnic carbon (22.52 %) and pH (7.21) and bacterial population count (3.5 x 106 CFU g-1) was significantly less in T4 (Vermicomposting with pretreatment). Reduction in Total solids (TS) (7.05 %), Total volatile solids (TVS) (45.29 %) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) (59.46 g l-1) was significantly less in T5 (Biogas production without pretreatment). Reduction in Volatile fatty acids (VFA) (2.26 g l-1) and cellulose (12.85 per cent) and actinomycetes (4 x 104 CFU g-1) was significantly less in T6 (Biogas production with pretreatment). Similarly in horticultural waste by the end of the process of aerobic composting and anaerobic digestion the change in pH (7.90) and actinomycetes (7.2 x 104 CFU g-1) was significantly more in T1 (Composting without pretreatment). Reduction in Total Solids (TS) (16.15 %) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) (96.25 g l-1) was significantly more in T2 (Composting with pretreatment). Reduction in Total Volatile Solids (TVS) (78.72 %), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) (85.15 mg l-1) and cellulose (17.36 per cent) was significantly more in T3 (Vermicomposting without pretreatment). Reduction in Phosphorus (1.58 %) and Potassium (1.56 %) was significantly more in T4 (Vermicomposting with pretreatment). Reduction in Organic carbon (45.7 %) and fungi (11 x 104 CFU g-1) was significantly more in T5 (biogas production without pretreatment). Reduction in Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA) (1.25 g l-1) Nitrogen (2.30 %) and bacteria (9.8 x 106 CFU g-1) was significantly more in T6 (Biogas production with pretreatment). By the end of the process of aerobic composting and anaerobic digestion of horticultural waste the deterioration of fungi (7 x 104 CFU g-1) was significantly less in T1 (Composting without pretreatment). The reduction in Nitrogen (1.30 %), Phosphorus (0.31 %), Potassium (0.60 %), Organic carbon (23.2 %) and bacteria (5.7 x 106 CFU g-1) was significantly less in T2 (Composting with pretreatment). Reduction in Volatile Fatty Acids (0.60 g l-1) was significantly less in T3 (Vermicomposting without pretreatment). Change in pH (7.33) was significantly less in T4 (Vermicomposting with pretreatment). Reduction in Total solids (TS) (6.99 %), Total volatile solids (TVS) (53.41 %), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) (49.45 mg l-1) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) (59.39 g l-1) was significantly less in T5 (Biogas production without pretreatment). Reduction in cellulose (14.03 %) and actinomycetes (3.7 x 104 CFU g-1) was significantly less in T6 (Biogas production with pretreatment). At the end of the 60th day the methane gas production was significantly more in AW-T2 (Biogas production with pretreatment) 3531.10 ml, compared to AW-T1 (Biogas production without pretreatment) 3381.00 ml, HW-T2 (Biogas production with pretreatment) 2620.70 ml and less in HW-T1 (Biogas production without pretreatment) 2381.40 ml. The content of bioethanol was less in HW-T1 (Bioethanol production without pretreatment) 0.050 g L-1 compared to less in HW-T2 (Bioethanol production with pretreatment) 0.047 g l-1, AW-T2 (Bioethanol production with pretreatment) 0.036 g l-1 and less in AW-T1 (Bioethanol production without pretreatment) 0.034 g l-1. In this present study results revealed agricultural and horticultural waste pretreatment with efficient microbes played good role during aerobic composting, vermicomosting, and anaerobic bioethanol and biogas production capabilities. Hence, composting, vermicomposting, biogas production has proved to be effective and efficient in conversion of wastes into value added products. Hence it can be concluded that horticultural waste was comparatively better in N, P, K and Organic carbon % composition while agricultural waste was good for compost and vermicompost making and also useful for the production of biogas.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/93776
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherPROFESSOR JAYASHANKAR TELANGANA STATE AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY. HYDERABADen_US
dc.relation.ispartofseriesD9984;
dc.subAgricultural Microbiology
dc.subjectproductivity, wastes, biofuels, composting, vermicomposting, agricultural wastes, bacteria, cellulose, fatty acids, acidityen_US
dc.these.typeM.Sc
dc.titleAEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OF AGRICULTURAL WASTE FOLLOWED BY VERMICOMPOSTING AND ENRICHMENTen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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