Usefullness of bluetongue vaccination in cattle
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Date
2020-02
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Abstract
Bluetongue (BT) is primarily a disease of sheep and hence they are vaccinated with BT multivalent
inactivated vaccine containing bluetongue virus (BTV) serotypes 1,2,10,16 and 23 in India. Cattle, buffaloes
and goats also show sero-positivity; though clinical symptoms due to BTV infection in these animals are not
reported in India. However, in North America, Europe and Australia, clinical disease of BT is often reported
in cattle and in Europe, cattle along with sheep are being vaccinated with BT inactivated vaccine. During
2018 monsoon period, the severe clinical manifestation of FMD was observed in crossbred cattle throughout
Tamil Nadu. Indigenous cattle, buffaloes, sheep, goats and pigs were also affected with clinical manifestation.
During this outbreak, FMD O-type was reported from cattle. Serum samples collected from cattle, buffaloes,sheep and goats showed FMD antibodies. Some of these samples collected during the FMD outbreak period in
2018 also showed sero-positivity for bluetongue antibodies in C- ELISA. When the serum samples were again
collected from cattle and buffaloes from the same locations during 2019 showed more than 80% positivity for
BTV antibodies. Previous reports have indicated FMD like lesions in the cattle and buffaloes vaccinated with
FMD vaccine and BTV antibodies were present in the serum samples of these animals. It was also observed
that sheep which were vaccinated with bluetongue vaccine and FMD vaccine did not exhibit any signs of
disease during the FMD outbreak in 2018. Especially in one farm in an outbreak area, 10 cattle which were
vaccinated with bluetongue did not exhibit any signs of disease during the FMD outbreak in 2018. The high
percentage of sero-positivity in cattle and buffaloes and repeated occurrence of FMD like lesions in FMD
vaccinated cattle taken together with the occurrence of clinical disease of BT in Cattle in North America,
Europe and Australia necessitates BTV vaccination in cattle and buffaloes in India.
Description
TNV_20thMVC_PP_Feb-2020_PA25
Keywords
Veterinary Science