Genetic diversity and stability analysis for heat stress tolerance in wheat (Triticum species
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Date
2022-09
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, District Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand. PIN - 263145
Abstract
The present study was conducted with an objective to assess one hundred wheat genotypes for genetic diversity and stability for heat stress tolerance over three different sowing dates i.e., 4.12.2021 (E1), 14.12.2021 (E2), and 25.12.2021 (E3) at the Norman. E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre and Pantnagar Centre for Plant Genetic Resource, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand during Rabi season of 2021-2022. The experiments were conducted using one hundred wheat genotypes and four checks viz., UP 2855, HD 3086, UP 2844 and HD 3059 in Augmented Block Design. The characters under the study were days to 75% heading, days to 75% anthesis, days to maturity, flag leaf area, number of tillers per meter, plant height, peduncle length, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike, thousand-grain weight, grain filling duration, biological yield, grain yield and harvest index, Canopy Temperature Depression (CTDI, II and III)and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI I,II, III). Readings forCTD and NDVI were taken at 3 stages of crop growth, namely, at heading, anthesis and 15 days after anthesis. The results from genetic diversity analysis revealed that the genotypes were grouped into 6 clusters for E1, E2, and E3. Cluster II comprised of maximum number of genotypes in E1 i.e., 23, whereas, in case of E2, Cluster V contained maximum number of genotypes, consisting of 24 genotypes, while for E3, Cluster IV comprised of maximum number of genotypes i.e., 22. The maximum inter-cluster distance was recorded between cluster IV and cluster V (8.30) in E1; between cluster IV and Cluster VI (7.70) in E2, while cluster I and Cluster IV (7.77) had the maximum inter-cluster distance in E3. Using the genotypes from clusters having high inter-cluster distance to perform crosses may be useful for obtaining better heterosis in the progeny for different economic traits and also for isolation of transgressive segregants in wheat improvement program.The pooled analysis of variance of the AMMI model revealed that the mean sum of squares due to G x E interaction was highly significant for all the characters under study. Based on the AMMI stability value, the most stable genotypes were identified for each character under study, namely, KACHU// WBLL1*2/BRAMBLING*2/6/BECARD#1/5/KIRITATI/4/2*SERI.1B*2/3/KAUZ*2 /BOW// KAUZ for grain weight per spike, MERCATO//PARUS/PASTOR *2/3/ONIX/KBIRDfor grain filling duration (GFD), KACHU/DANPHE/3/ KACHU//KIRITATI/2*TRCHfor 1000 grain weight and ABLEU*2/BORL14 for grain yield per se. Among all the genotypes under study SUP152*2/ BECARD// KACHU/ DANPHE,KACHU//WBLL1*2/BRAMBLING*2/6/BECARD#1/5/KIR ITATI/4/2*SERI.1B*2/3/ KAUZ*2/ BOW//KAUZ, KACHU/ DANPHE/3/KACHU//KIRITATI/2*TRCH, and ABLEU *2/BORL14were found to be the most promising wheat genotypes suitable for the heat stress tolerance.