Assessment of weed management practices under different establishment methods of direct seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.)
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Date
2022-10
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, District Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand. PIN - 263145
Abstract
Field experiments were conducted at N.E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre of G. B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar (Uttarakhand) during crop growing years (Kharif 2021) to study the "Assessment of weed management practices under different establishment methods of direct seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.)". The soil was neutral in nature, high in organic carbon, low in available nitrogen, and medium inaccessible phosphorus and potassium. Rice variety Pant Dhan-24 was grown under 4 establishment methods (Broadcast, Semi-dry, Raised-bed, Mechanized line sowing) and 4 weed management practices (Manual wedding three times, pre jb post-emergence herbicide, pre-emergence jb manual weeding two times, and mechanical weeding through cono-weeder) and analyzed in split plot design with three replications. During the crop growing year of the 2021 study, mechanical line sowing recorded the highest number of tillers (m2) as well as dry matter accumulation jb semi-dry rice. Other growth indices were also superior to raised bed system. The no. of the population was found to be superior in the semi-dry method of rice. The number of panicles m-2 was significantly higher with mechanical line sowing during the crop growing year. The panicle weight was maximum with mechanical line sowing followed by broadcast. The grain, straw as well as biological yield were maximum with mechanical line sowing and significantly superior to other established methods. The highest % and uptake of N, P and K by rice grain and straw was found under mechanical line sowing. Total weed density and dry weight was recorded higher under broadcast method. The gross returns, net returns and B:C ratio was also found under mechanical line sowing. The lowest available soil Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Potassium found under broadcast method. The highest available N, P and K in soil was found under mechanical line sowing. Weed management practices significantly influenced the growth and yield attributes of rice during the crop growing of study. The growth parameters were found to be highest in the treatment pre-emergence herbicide jb 2 manual weeding but at par with 3 manual weeding. The highest % and uptake of N, P and K by rice grain and straw was found under pre-emergence herbicide jb 2 manual weeding. The yield attributes such as number of panicle m-2, panicles length, and grain wt. per panicle were found to be highest in the treatment pre-emergence herbicide jb 3 manual weeding. The grain, straw as well as biological yield of rice were maximum in the treatment pre-emergence herbicide jb 2 manual weeding but at par with 3 manual weeding. The species wise weed density, total weed density and total weed dry weight was found to be maximum under treatment mechanical weeding (cono-weeder). The highest net returns and B:C ratio were recorded in the treatment preemergence herbicide jb 2 manual weeding and also recorded highest soil available N, P and K under treatment pre-emergence herbicide jb 2 manual weeding. Thus, mechanical line sowing of rice establishment and weed management practice, preemergence herbicide jb 2 manual weeding has been found effective for sustaining the productivity and profitability of rice.