DEFICIT IRRIGATION WATER MANAGEMENT FOR WHEAT
| dc.contributor.advisor | Khedkar, D.D | |
| dc.contributor.author | Kamble, Y.D. | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2019-02-15T14:22:45Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2019-02-15T14:22:45Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2014 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Water is an essential production factor in agriculture, both for crops and for livestock. Water is a vital means by which production can be sustained in various areas. Without water we risk land abandonment and severe economic hardship, not to mention the potential relocation of agricultural production. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important staple food grains of human race and it is important cereal crop of India providing ample food calories and protein to the Indian population. Wheat crop is quite sensitivity to water stress. Therefore, wheat crop needs frequent irrigation for good growth and yield. The water deficiency is one of the main problems in agriculture that is responsible of food production. The optimum water application and the time of usage are so necessary for farmer to draw the highest amount of agricultural productions. Deficit Irrigation has much more advantages in yield increase, water-saving, and WUE improving. Deficit irrigation, defined as the application of water below full crop-water requirements (evapotranspiration), is an important tool to achieve the goal of reducing irrigation water use. While deficit irrigation is widely practiced over millions of hectares for a number of reasons from inadequate network design to excessive irrigationexpansion relative to catchment supplies it has not received sufficient attention in research. Therefore, the field experiment was conducted to study the effect of deficit irrigation on yield of wheat at the Instructional Farm of the Department of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Dr. Annasaheb Shinde College of Agricultural Engineering, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri. The farm lies at 74038‟00‟‟E longitude and 19015‟00‟‟N latitude at 557 m above the mean sea level. The field experiment includes the study of effect water stress of different quantity during different crop growth stages, to determine water requirement and water use efficiency of wheat under different water stress conditions, spectral signatures for wheat for its different growth stages and relationship between NDVI and Kc for wheat. In order to fulfill these objectives of the study, sixteen treatments based on different combinations of the irrigation interval and application depth with three replications of it arranged in factorial randomized block design in the field of size 30 × 65 m. The length and width of each plot was 5 × 4 m. The wheat seed after seed treatment was dibbled manually following the row spacing of 22.5 cm on 29th November, 2011 and next year on 5th December 2012. The harvesting of wheat was done on 19th March, 2011 and next year on 21st March 2013. The effect of stress and different irrigation level on wheat yield was studied. The yield data of year 2010-11 was taken from previous research work (Palkar, 2011). The yield data of three years were statistically analyzed for this purpose. The wheat grain yield was found to be maximum for the treatment T2, i.e. the treatment with the irrigation interval of 7 days and stress level of 10%. After the statistical analysis performed it was found that the treatment T6 i.e. the treatment with irrigation interval of 2 weeks and stress level of 10% was at par with T2. However with 7 days irrigation interval, the depth of water to be applied per irrigation varies from 15 to 33 mm and which was very low and not to possible in the field by surface irrigation method, hence treatment T6 was recommended for irrigation of wheat. The grain yields for the treatments T2 and T6 were 39.71 q/ha and 37.66 q/ha respectively. The Field water use efficiency (WUE) for each treatment was found out. It was observed that, maximum water use efficiency (11.35 kg/ha-mm) for the treatment T4 i.e. one week irrigationinterval and 30% stress level which was at par with T3 (11.34 kg/ha-mm) and T6 (11.31 kg/ha-mm). The spectral reflectance of the wheat crop at its different growth stages under the different water stress conditions was measured by using the HR 1024 Spectroradiometer developed by the Spectra Vista Corporation. The data recorded at the time of field measurements was stored in the form of ASCII file in PDA provided with instrument. The data stored at time of field measurement was then transferred to computer for further processing in 32-bit data processing software of HR 1024. During the field operation the spectral signatures were recorded on weekly basis before the irrigation treatment. The relationship was developed between the NDVI values and ratio of number of day in crop period (t) to total crop period (T) to get the function between them which will give NDVI values on daily basis. Following fifth order polynomial equation was found to be the equation of best fit. * + * + * + * + * + As the relationship between Kc and NDVI was required in soil water balance and crop growth models, the relationship between Kc and NDVI was developed. The NDVI values were considered as independent variable and Kc as dependent variable and the graphs between Kc and NDVI were plotted for all the treatments. It was observed from the graph that up to 37th day Kc and NDVI both were increased and after 37th day Kc and NDVI both were decreased. Thus there are two segments of the relationships, one for the first part of the growth season and other for the later part of the growth season. Therefore separate relationships were obtained for both the parts. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810095333 | |
| dc.keywords | DEFICIT IRRIGATION WATER MANAGEMENT FOR WHEAT | en_US |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.pages | 166 pp | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidaypeeth, Rahuri | en_US |
| dc.sub | Agricultural Engineering | en_US |
| dc.subject | null | en_US |
| dc.these.type | M.Tech | en_US |
| dc.title | DEFICIT IRRIGATION WATER MANAGEMENT FOR WHEAT | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |