IN VITRO MUTATIONS, SELECTION AND MOLECULAR MARKERS BASED CHARACTERISATION OF Gerbera jamesonii Hook.
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Date
2012
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
In the present studies, entitled ‘In vitro mutations, selection and molecular markers based characterisation
of Gerbera jamesonii Hook.’, the regeneration protocols from capitulum and petiole explants have been
standardised. MS + 5.0 mg/l BA + 0.5 mg/l IAA and MS + 4.0 mg/l BA + 1.0 mg/l TDZ were found to be the best
media for regeneration from capitulum and petiole explants, respectively. The best multiplication medium
comprised of MS + 1.0 mg/l BA + 0.5 mg/l IAA and MS + 4.0 mg/l IBA was found to be best medium for root
induction. Shoots were treated with eight doses on gamma rays (1.5, 2, 2.5, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30 Gy) and five doses of
EMS (0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 1.0%, v/v) for two durations (10 and 20 min). Following gamma irradiation maximum
survival of plants both in vitro and in vivo was recorded with 1.5 Gy dose and with EMS treatment 0.1 %/ 10 min
led to the maximum plant survival both in cultures and in the glasshouse. The LD50 value for gamma rays was 6.5
Gy and for EMS (10min) LD50 value was 6.5 % and less than 0.1 % in case of 20 min treatment of EMS. The
increase in the content/activity of proteins, phenols and antioxidant enzymes (SOD, APOX, GR, CAT) and PPO was
observed in both kinds of mutated plants. However, no significant difference in sugar content was observed.
However, decrease in the total chlorophyll content were observed in both types of mutated plants. Morphologically,
mutagenesis (physical and chemical) led to reduction in the number of leaves and leaf area of plants. However, a
significant increase in the length of flower scape and flower head size was observed with both kinds of mutagens.
Three flower colour variants, two with EMS (0.1%/10 min, 0.5 %/ 10 min) and one with gamma rays (5 Gy), were
obtained. Also, a significantly early flowering was induced in the plants after mutagenesis. RAPD and SSR
markers revealed 100 % and 96 % polymorphism and value of Jaccard’s similariy coefficient ranged from 0.11-0.80
in case of RAPD markers and 0.23-0.81 in case of SSR markers. All the plants were differentiated in to three major
groups, after RAPD and SSR analysis, based on their similarity as represented graphically, from the dendrogram
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Keywords
planting, nitrogen, sowing, jute, yields, developmental stages, spacing, crops, land resources, research methods, Gerbera jamesonii Hook ,regeneration protocols