Seasonal incidence of guava fruit fly, Bactrocera spp. and its management through methyl eugenol traps
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Date
2018
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CCSHAU
Abstract
The present study entitled “Seasonal incidence of guava fruit fly, Bactrocera spp. and its management through methyl eugenol traps” were carried out during both rainy and winter season at farmer’s field at village Sunderpur, District Rohtak, Haryana during 2016-17.The maggot population of guava fruit fly, Bactrocera spp. started appearing from 29th SMW (4.8 maggots/infested fruit) reaching its maximum in 31st SMW (32.3 maggots/infested fruit). During winter season, the maggot population was at its peak during 44th SMW (12.1maggots/infested fruit) which went on decreasing till 48th SMW (1.12 maggots/infested fruit). There was no maggot population from 49th to 9th SMW. During termination phase of winter crop season, a low maggot population i.e. 2.29 and 3.31 maggots/infested fruit were recorded in 10th and 11th SMW, respectively. The fruit infestation in rainy season guava due to fruit fly ranged from 60 to 90 per cent on number basis while 53.49 to 87.20 per cent on weight basis, being highest during 31st SMW and lowest during 36th SMW both on number and weight basis. During winter season guava, the highest fruit infestation due to fruit fly i.e. 26.67 and 22.43 per cent on number and weight basis, respectively was recorded during 44th SMW. There was no fruit infestation from 51st to 8th SMW. There was 68.53 per cent reduction in yield of guava in rainy season due to guava fruit fly, Bactrocera spp. as compared to 5.49 per cent in winter crop season with an overall yield reduction of 37.54 per cent.
The population of fruit fly started appearing in methyl eugenol traps from 23rd SMW (7.2fruit flies/trap/week) reaching its maximum in 33rd SMW (264.2 fruit flies/trap/week) and then population suddenly declined in 37th SMW which coincided with termination of harvesting of guava crop. The population of guava fruit fly, Bactrocera spp. had significantly negative correlation with maximum temperature and significantly positive correlation with morning and evening relative humidity. Various management strategies i.e. S1 (methyl eugenol traps @ 40 traps/ha), S2 (S1 + 3 sprays of NSKE 5%), S3 (S1 + 2 sprays of NSKE 5%), S4 (S1+ 1 spray of NSKE 5%), S5 (S1 + mulching with black polythene sheet), S6 (S1+ raking under tree canopy twice), S7 (S1 + collection and destruction of dropped fruits on alternate days), S8 (three sprays of NSKE 5%) and S9 ( two sprays of NSKE 5%) were evaluated against guava fruit fly during rainy crop season. The overall reduction in fruit infestation over untreated control ranged from 18.08 to 39.97 and 12.43 to 41.45 per cent on number and weight basis, respectively being the highest in S2 and lowest in S9. In S2, there was an increase of 175.33 per cent in marketable yield of guava over control followed by S3 (125.30%). On the basis of increase in marketable yield of guava over control, the efficacy of the various management strategies in descending order was S2, S3, S7, S4, S5, S6, S1, S8 and S9.The highest total marketable yield (95.76q/ha) and net profit (Rs.65674/ha) was obtained from S2.
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