Effect of tillage and weed management practices on weeds and wheat grown after transplanted rice
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Date
2018-01
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
The field experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2012-13 and 2013-14 at N.E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar (Uttarakhand) India, to find out the effect of different tillage and weed management practices on weed, yield and yield attributes and energy consumption in wheat. The soil of the experimental plot was silty clay loam in texture. The soil of the experimental plot was medium in organic carbon, low in available nitrogen, medium in phosphorus and potassium contents with neutral pH. The experiment was conducted in split plot design with three replication; keeping the tillage practices viz., Zero tillage (ZT), Reduced tillage (RT) and Conventional tillage (CT) in main plots and six levels of weed management practices viz., Sulfosulfuron 25g/ha, readymix combination of clodinafop-propargyl 15% + metsulfuron methyl 1% @ 64 g/ha, clodinafop-propargyl @ 60 g/ha fb Metsulfuron methyl 4g/ha, Pinoxaden 50g /ha fb Metsulfuron methyl 4g/ha weed free and weedy check in sub plots. Zero tillage reduced the density and dry weight of all the major weed species at all the stages of crop growth. Density and dry weight of total weeds at all the stages were the lowest under zero tillage situations which was followed by the reduced tillage. Application of pinoxaden 50g/ha fb MSM 4g/ha, readymix application of clodinofop 60g/ha + MSM 4g/ha and clodinofop 60g/ha fb MSM 4g/ha being at par with each other recorded the lowest density and dry matter of all the major weeds. The maximum nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake by weeds was recorded under conventional tillage. Uncontrolled weeds on an average depleted 34.3 kg N, 10.7 kg P and 31.5 kg K per hectare, which was significantly higher than remaining treatments. Pinoxaden 50g/ha fb MSM 4g/ha accumulated the lowest nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium which was closely followed by application of readymix application of clodinofop 60g/ha + MSM 4g/ha and clodinofop 60g/ha fb MSM 4g/ha. Zero tilled wheat yielded 4.99 & 10.33 and 5.38 & 12.9 per cent higher over crop raised through reduced tillage and conventional tillage during 2012-13 and 2013-14, respectively which was due to more number of yield attributing characters. Uncontrolled weeds caused 47.41 and 49.39 percent reduction in yield during 2012-13 and 2013-14, respectively as compared to weed free situation. The highest grain yield was obtained under weed free condition, being at par with the herbicidal treatments pinoxaden 50g/ha fb MSM 4g/ha, readymix application of clodinofop 60g/ha + MSM 4g/ha and clodinofop 60g/ha fb MSM 4g/ha. The maximum net return was found under zero tillage with weed free condition followed by readymix application of clodinofop 60g/ha + MSM 4g/ha and pinoxaden 50g/ha fb MSM 4g/ha. The lowest energy input was recorded under zero tillage with weedy check which was followed by zero tillage with sulfosulfuron 25g/ha. On the basis of two years experimentation it may be concluded that in zero tillage wheat there is less occurrence of weeds than reduced and conventional tillage conditions. Zero tillage in combination with follow up application of pinoxaden 50g/ha and MSM 4g/ha and readymix application of clodinofop 60g + MSM 4g/ha is the best option considering the ultimate net profit to farmers.
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