STUDIES ON WILT OF CHICKPEA CAUSED BY Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceris
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Date
2018-07-24
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CSKHPKV, Palampur
Abstract
Wilt of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L), caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceris, was reported from India by E. J. Butler in 1918. The pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceris has been reported highly variable and very difficult to manage. In the present investigations, 15 isolates of F. oxysporum f.sp. ciceris were obtained from isolations made from diseased samples collected from different chickpea growing areas in the state and adjoining ones. Pathogen variability of 15 isolates of F. oxysporum f.sp. ciceris were ascertained on the basis of morpho-cultural, pathogenic and molecular characterization. The 15 isolates of F. oxysporum f.sp. ciceris were grouped into 6 different variants on the basis of morpho-cultural and pathogenic characteristics whereas, four groups of variants were characterized among 12 isolates F. oxysporum f.sp. ciceris through genetic studies, since the DNA of three isolates were not extracted.
For disease management, different components viz., organic enriched composts and formulations, botanicals, bioagents, fungicides and germplasm were evaluated in vitro to frame the management strategies for the disease. In organic enriched composts, the extracts of CPP at 25.0 per cent concentration yielded maximum mycelial inhibition of 52.2 per cent followed by NADEP with 50.3 per cent. In organic formulations, extract of Cow urine at 10 per cent concentration yielded maximum mycelial inhibition of 72.9 per cent. In botanicals, the aqueous extracts of Melia azedarach at 25 per cent test concentration showed maximum mycelial inhibition up to 59.6 per cent whereas, the alcoholic extracts of Eupatorium adenophorum showed maximum mycelial inhibition of 91.80 per cent at 25 per cent test concentration. In bioagents, JMA-4 strain of Trichoderma harzianum showed mycelial inhibition of 67.4 per cent against F. oxysporum f.sp. ciceris. All the test fungicides were found effective even at 50 ppm with greater than 50.0 per cent mycelial inhibition against F. oxysporum f.sp. ciceris. Bavistin (Carbendazim) 50WP and Thiram (hexathir) 75 DS yielded cent per cent mycelial inhibition even at 500 ppm followed by Vitavax power (carboxin 37.5% + thiram 37.5%) 75WP and Tilt (propiconazole) 25 EC with 99.7 and 93.7 per cent respectively. Out of 102 chickpea lines, eight viz., IC298993, IC552118, IC552176, IC486961, CMI-34, CMI-52, ST-28 and ST-24 were resistant against wilt of chickpea caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceris.
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