Effect of nitrogen sources on production and shelf life of potato
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Date
2017
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CCSHAU
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out at the Department of Vegetable Science. CCS Haryana
Agricultural University, Hisar during Rabi seasons of 2015-16 and 2016-17 to assess the effect of nitrogen sources
on production and shelf life of potatovar. Kufri Bahar. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design
with three replications with twelve nutrient management practices as follow T1. Control, T2.100% recommended N
(RDN) through farmyard manure (FYM) @ 25.0 t ha-1, T3. 100% RDN through vermicompost (VC) @ 9.3 t ha-1,
T4. 100% RDN through neem cake (NC) @ 7.4 t ha-1, T5 75% RDN + 25 % RDN through FYM @ 6.2 t ha-1,
T6.75% RDN + 25% RDN through VC @ 2.3 t ha-1, T7. 75% RDN + 25 % RDN through NC @ 1.8 t ha-1, T8. 50%
RDN + 25% RDN through FYM @ 6.2 t ha-1 + 25% RDN through VC @ 2.3 t ha-1, T9. 50% RDN + 25% RDN
through FYM @ 6.2 t ha-1 + 25% RDN through NC @ 1.8 t ha-1, T10. 50% RDN + 25% RDN through VC @ 2.3 t
ha-1 + 25% RDN through NC @ 1.8 t ha-1, T11. 25% RDN + 25% RDN through FYM @ 6.2 t ha-1 + 25% RDN
through VC @ 2.3 t ha-1 + 25% RDN through NC @ 1.8 t ha-1 and T12. full recommended dose of NPK (150 kg N:
50 kg P2O5: 100 kg K2O ha-1) through inorganic fertilizer. All the treatment combinations were evaluated for plant
growth, yield, quality, and storability parameters. Among the treatments, 50% recommended dose of nitrogen
integrated with mixture of 50% recommended dose of nitrogen through organic manures (FYM, NC or VC)
showed better performance in terms of growth, yield and its components as compared to control. It was found that
crop with the application of 50% RDN through inorganic fertilizer + 25% RDN through FYM @ 6.2 t ha-1 + 25%
RDN through VC @ 2.3 t ha-1 followed by 50% RDN through inorganic fertilizer + 25% RDN through VC @ 2.3 t
ha-1 + 25% RDN through NC @ 1.8 t ha-1 had higher vigour potential in terms of plant emergence (%), number of
stems per hill, plant height (cm) at 30,60 and 90 days after planting, number of leaves per hill at 30, 60 and 90 days
after planting, fresh weight of stems, leaves and tubers (g hill-1) at harvest stage, dry weight of stems, leaves and
tubers (g hill-1) at harvest stage and NPK uptake (kg ha-1) on haulms and tubers at harvest stage as compared to
control. The treatment 50% RDN through inorganic fertilizer + 25% RDN through FYM @ 6.2 t ha-1 + 25% RDN
through VC @ 2.3 t ha-1 followed by 50% RDN through inorganic fertilizer + 25% RDN through VC @ 2.3 t ha-1 +
25% RDN through NC @ 1.8 t ha-1 showed significantly higher biological yield and total tuber yield (q ha-1) in
comparison to other treatment combinations. Higher marketable yield was observed in nutrient combinations of
50% RDN through inorganic fertilizer + 25% RDN through FYM @ 6.2 t ha-1 + 25% RDN through VC @ 2.3 t ha-
1 followed by 75% RDN through inorganic fertilizer + 25% RDN through VC @ 2.3 t ha-1. The maximum weight
(kg m-2) and number of grade-A (≥ 75 g) and grade-B (≥ 51-75 g) size tubers were recorded via using 50% RDN
through inorganic fertilizer + 25% RDN through FYM @ 6.2 t ha-1 + 25% RDN through VC @ 2.3 t ha-1 followed
by 50% RDN through inorganic fertilizer + 25% RDN through VC @ 2.3 t ha-1 + 25% RDN through NC @ 1.8 t
ha-1 or 75% RDN through inorganic fertilizer + 25% RDN through VC @ 2.3 t ha-1. However, grade-C (≥ 26-50 g)
size tubers by weight and number was noticed maximum with using 100% recommended nitrogen through
vermicompost. Application of 50% RDN through inorganic fertilizer + 25% RDN through FYM @ 6.2 t ha-1 +
25% RDN through VC @ 2.3 t ha-1followed by 50% RDN through inorganic fertilizer + 25% RDN through VC @
2.3 t ha-1 + 25% RDN through NC @ 1.8 t ha-1showed superior performance over other treatments, recording
significantly higher values for harvest index (%), specific gravity and nitrogen use efficiency, whereas
significantly higher value of dry matter (%) were recorded in 100% recommended nitrogen dose through
vermicompost. The minimum values for physiological loss in weight, sprouting, decay and total loss of potato
tubers (%) at 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 days after harvest was recorded with control and 100% RDN through VC @ 9.3
t ha-1. Net return invested per RS. showed higher performance with using 50% RDN through inorganic fertilizer +
25% RDN through FYM @ 6.2 t ha-1 + 25% RDN through VC @ 2.3 t ha-1 .
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