POST - HARVEST PRESERVATION OF MANGO AND GUAVA AGAINST SPOILAGE MICROORGANISMS
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Date
1998-08-19
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK ,BANGALORE
Abstract
A study was conducted on the post harvest spoilage and their control
by biocides in mango and guava. The in vitro effect of Sanosil and two check
chemicals viz. Carbendazim and Mancozeb on spore germination, mycelial weight
and hyphal growth of spoilage fungi was studied. Three spoilage fungi namely
Pestalotiopsis mangiferae stey. and Aspergillus fumigatus Fresenius, Rhizopus
stolonifer Lind. were isolated from spoiled mango and guava respectively. Fruits
collected from market had higher microflora than those collected directly from the
orchard. The minimum inhibitory concentration of three biocides against spore
germination of Pestalotiopsis mangiferae was 1,000 ppm in Carbendazim and
5,000 ppm in Sanosil and Mancozeb, whereas in Aspergillus fumigatus application
of Carbendazim. Sanosil and Mancozeb at 1,000 ppm in each case completely
inhibited spore germination. However, in Rhizopus stolonifer \he spore germination
was completely inhibited in Carbendazim and Mancozeb at 1,000 ppm and in
Sanosil at 5,000 ppm. Mycelial weight and hyphal growth were also controlled by
all the three biocides at higher concentrations, but the growth was not checked
completely. In vivo studies the effect of biocides on shelf life and post harvest
qualities of fruits were maintained for longer period and spoilage was reduced
significantly. Carbendazim (500 ppm) and Sanosil (10,000 ppm) dipped fruits
maintained low TSS, reducing sugar, PME and high ascorbic acid content
compared to untreated fruits. In cold storage there was no spoilage upto 10 days in
mango and treatment with Carbendazim (500 ppm), Sanosil (10,000 ppm) and
Mancozeb (1,000 ppm) could extent shelf life upto 20 days. The TSS, reducing
sugar and PME were low In treatment with Carbendazim 500 ppm and Sanosil
10,000 ppm. But ascorbic acid content and titrable acidity were high compared to
all other treatments. Hence, Carbendazim (500 ppm) and Sanosil 10,000 ppm
treated fruits for five minutes maintained high post harvest quality and low spoilage.
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