ENHANCING PRODUCTIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF TELLICHERRY GOATS BY ACCELERATED KIDDING SYSTEM
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Date
2021
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Abstract
An investigation was carried out to study the productive and reproductive
performance of Tellicherry goats under “accelerated kidding system” and early
weaning system in comparison to conventional system. Forty numbers Tellicherry
does aged between 2-2 ’A years were randomly selected and allotted into five
treatment groups namely, Treatment 1 (Tl) - Oestrous synchronization using
hormone + 90 days weaning, Treatment 2 (T2) -Oestrous synchronization using
hormone + 60 days weaning. Treatment 3 (T3) - Oestrous synchronization using
Buck effect + 90 days weaning, Treatment 4 (T4) -Oestrous synchronization using
Buck effect + 60 days weaning and Treatment 5 (T5) - Control (Conventional
mating and weaning) of eight animals in each group. Oestrous synchronization of
does was carried out using exogenous hormones and buck effect in Tl, T2 groups
and T3, T4 groups respectively. Does in the T5 group (control) were maintained
along with buck round the clock. Hemato-biochemical parameters during different
physiological status; milk yield and composition during different stages of
lactation and gestation period during two kidding were recorded. Reproductive
performance of does and productive performance of kids bora under accelerated
kidding system and early weaning system were studied. Economics were
calculated for the entire study period. Reduction in body weight and body
condition score (P<0.01) was noticed during the early lactation period. Elevated
levels of Hb, PCV and RBC count were noticed during the late gestation period
while marked decrease was noticed during the lactation period. Elevated LDH
level (P<0.01) was observed during late pregnancy, early and mid lactation period.
Elevated BUN and total protein levels (P<0.01) were observed during late
pregnancy and lactation period. The serum levels of glucose and triglyceride were
lowest during early lactation and highest during early pregnancy and dry period.
Calcium level started to decline as the pregnancy advanced and it reached its
minimum during the first month of lactation (P<0.01). Reduction in phosphorus
level was noticed during early and late lactation. Milk yield remained unchanged
in all the stages of lactation. The milk fat percentage was significantly higher
(P<0.0l) during mid and late lactation while the SNF percentage and specific
gravity were higher (P<0.01) during early lactation. Hormonally synchronized
does (T1 & T2) exhibited 100% oestrus rate with significantly higher (P<0.01)
oestrus intensity. Conventionally mated does required minimal number of services
per conception. Second estrum post kidding was found to be the most fertile
oestrus with higher conception rate in all the treatment groups. In terms of
conception rate, conventional mating stands first followed by synchronization
using buck effect with weaning at 60 days and synchronization using hormone
with weaning at 90 days. All treatment groups had 100% kidding rate.
Numerically, higher singlet percentage was noticed in conventionally mated does
and does synchronized using buck effect with weaning at 90 days. Higher
twinning percentage was observed in does synchronized using buck effect with
weaning at 60 days followed by honnonally synchronized does with weaning at
90 days. Hormonally synchronized does with weaning at 60 days and 90 days had
higher triplet percentage. Hormonally synchronized does (Tl, T2)
numerically higher kids bom/ doe/ year. Hormonally synchronized does
conventionally mated does conceived significantly (P<0.01) earlier and
biShorter
kidding interval. Conventionally mated does and hormonally synchronized
does with weaning at 60 days gave birth to heavier kids. Kids bom to
conventionally mated does had significantly higher weaning weight, weight at six
months and weight at nine months. Conventionally mated does and hormonally
synchronized does with weaning at 90 days produced significantly higher biomass
/ kidding. Kids bora to conventionally mated does had significantly higher
(P<0.01) post-weaning and overall average daily gain. Statistical analysis revealed
no significant difference between weaning at 90 days and weaning at 60 days in
terms of days to first estrum post kidding, days to conception post kidding,
number of services per conception and kidding interval. Kids weaned early by 60
days had significantly lower (P<0.01) weaning weight, body weight at six months,
body weight at nine months, total biomass produced ! kidding, pre-weaning
average daily gain, post weaning average daily gain and overall average daily gain
compared to kids weaned at 90 days. The conventional kidding system group had
higher net income/ year and net income/ year/ doe followed by hormonal
synchronization with weaning at 90 days group. 60 days weaning irrespective of
synchronization method incurred economic loss.