EFFECT OF GRADED CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC ZINC (ZINC GLYCINATE) ON PERFORMANCE, ANTIOXIDANTS STATUS AND IMMUNE RESPONSES IN COMMERCIAL BROILERS
| dc.contributor.advisor | NAGALAKSHMI, D (Major) | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | SRINIVASA RAO, D | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | KISHAN KUMAR, M | |
| dc.contributor.author | SRIDHAR, K | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2017-06-10T18:28:11Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2017-06-10T18:28:11Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2013-08 | |
| dc.description | THESES | en_US |
| dc.description.abstract | ABSTRACT : An experiment was conducted with an aim to study effect of graded concentrations of organic zinc (zinc glycinate, Zn-gly) on performance, antioxidants status and immune responses in commercial broilers. One hundred and twenty, day old commercial broiler chicks were randomly allotted to 24 replicates with 5 chicks in each. The birds were raised in battery brooders under uniform management. A corn-soybean meal basal diet (BD) was prepared for starter and finisher broiler chicks to meet the nutritional requirements, as recommended by NRC (1994) except Zn. Experimental diets were viz., BD with 40 ppm Zn supplementation from ZnSO4 (inorganic) and BD with as Zn-gly (organic) at 30, 20 and 10 ppm. Each diet was allotted to 6 replicates at random and fed ad libitum from 1 to 42 d of age. Body weights, feed intake and feed conversion ratio was measured at weekly intervals. Blood was collected from two birds from each replicate at 35 days of age for estimation of haematological, biochemical constituents and antioxidant enzyme activity. Serum was collected from two birds of each replicate after ten days of post vaccination against Newcastle disease (ND)to assess the humoral immune response against the antigen. On 40th day, the cell mediated immune response was studied by intra dermal inoculation of 100 μg phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA-P) into the toe. At the end the experiment two birds from the each replicate was selected randomly and slaughtered to study the carcass traits and Zn deposition in organs. Metabolic trial of three days duration was conducted on two birds of each replicate after from 43 to 45 d of age to study the effect of Zn-gly on nutrient utilization. Reducing organic Zn from 30 to 10 ppm did not affect the growth, feed intake, nutrient retention and carcass traits (dressing percentage, organ weight, breast yield and abdominal fat) in broiler chicks, which were comparable to those fed 40 ppm inorganic Zn. However, FCR was improved with 30 ppm organic compared to other dietary treatments. Similarly, serum total protein, albumin and glucose concentrations and haematological constituents were not affected by the source or level of Zn supplementation. The alkaline phosphatase activity and globulin concentration increased (P<0.05), while serum cholesterol, glucose and albumin:globulin ratio decreased (P<0.05) in groups fed 30 ppm organic Zn compared to other groups. Lipid peroxidation (nmol MDA/mg prtien) assessed in haemolysate and TBARS concentration in liver, indicative of stress was higher (P≤0.05) in broiler chicks fed on diet supplemented with 10 ppm organic Zn and reduced with increasing organic Zn up to 30 ppm. The antioxidant enzyme activities such as glutathione peroxidase (units/mg protein) and superoxide dismutase (units/mg protein) were higher (P<0.05) in broilers fed 30 ppm organic Zn. However, the activities of these enzymes and MDA levels were intermediate at 20 and 40 ppm Zn from Zn-gly and ZnSO4, respectively. Protein carbonyl concentration and reduced glutathione content in liver and glutathione reductase enzyme activity in haemolysate did not differ due to the Zn concentration in diet. The humoral immune (P<0.05) response against ND vaccine and cell mediated immune (P< 0.01) response were highest at 30 ppm organic Zn compared to those fed diets containing 40 ppm inorganic Zn. The humoral immune response to ND vaccine in 10 and 20 ppm organic Zn was similar to those fed 40 ppm inorganic Zn. Histological examination of skin revealed more number of epithelial cell layers and higher collagen content with 30 ppm organic Zn supplementation compared to other dietary treatments and with 10 ppm Zn-gly supplementation, the skin had fewer epithelial cell layers with less collagen. The concentration of Zn in serum, kidney and pancreas was higher (P<0.05) in broilers fed on 30 ppm organic Zn, while in liver and tibia bone, the mineral concentration was comparable to those fed diet containing 40 ppm supplemental inorganic Zn. Based on the results, it is concluded that dietary Zn concentration can be reduced to 10 ppm when supplemented as Zn glycinate without affecting growth performance. However, replacement of 40 ppm inorganic Zn with 30 ppm organic Zn significantly improved feed efficiency, reduced lipid peroxidation and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase and immune responses in broilers compared to those fed 40 ppm Zn as zinc sulphate. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810019323 | |
| dc.keywords | BROILERS; ORGANIC ZINC | en_US |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.pages | 122 | en_US |
| dc.publisher | SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY , TIRUPATI – 517502. (A.P.) INDIA | en_US |
| dc.sub | Animal Nutrition | en_US |
| dc.subject | null | en_US |
| dc.theme | EFFECT OF GRADED CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC ZINC (ZINC GLYCINATE) ON PERFORMANCE, ANTIOXIDANTS STATUS AND IMMUNE RESPONSES IN COMMERCIAL BROILERS | en_US |
| dc.these.type | M.V.Sc. | en_US |
| dc.title | EFFECT OF GRADED CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC ZINC (ZINC GLYCINATE) ON PERFORMANCE, ANTIOXIDANTS STATUS AND IMMUNE RESPONSES IN COMMERCIAL BROILERS | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |