EFFECT OF PLANT SPACING AND GA3 APPLICATION ON FLOWERING AND SEED PRODUCTION IN CALENDULA (Calendula officinalis L.)
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Date
2019-08
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UHF,NAUNI
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The present investigation titled, “Effect of plant spacing and GA3 application on flowering
and seed production in calendula (Calendula officinalis L.)” was carried out at the Khaltoo
experimental farm of Department of Seed Science & Technology,Dr Yashwant Singh Parmar University of
Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) during 2017 to 2019. The experiment was laid out in RBD
(Factorial) with 24 treatment combinations of four levels of spacing i.e. S1 (30 × 30 cm), S2(30 × 25 cm),
S3 (30 × 20 cm) and S4(30 × 10 cm) and six doses of GA3 i.e. G0 (0 ppm), G1(50 ppm), G2(100 ppm), G3
(150 ppm), G4 (200 ppm) and G5 (250 ppm) replicated thrice. Among different levels of spacing, S1(30 ×
30 cm) recorded maximum values for days to first flowering (71.67 days), number of flowers per plant
(46.08), size of flower (5.11 cm), duration of flowering (80.16 days), number of seeds per head (46.11),
seed yield per plant (19.67 g),1000 seed weight (9.19 g), germination percentage (87.78 %), speed of
germination (13.61), seed electrical conductivity (0.99 dS/m), seedling length (8.41 cm), seedling dry
weight (5.80 mg), seed vigour index-I (731.50) and seed vigour index-II (506.82). Whereas, spacing S4 (30
× 10 cm) recorded maximum values for plant height (60.72 cm) and seed yield per plot and per hectare
(220.20 g and 2202.00 kg, respectively). The application of GA3@ 250 ppm resulted in highest values for
plant height (66.27 cm), number of flowers per plant (42.79), size of flower (5.16 cm), duration of
flowering (81.24 days), number of seeds per head(45.68), seed yield per plant (17.00 g), seed yield per plot
andperhectare(215.72g and2157.20kg, respectively), 1000 seed weight (9.30 g),germination percentage
(88.28 %), speed of germination (13.58), seed electrical conductivity (1.13 dS/m), seedling length (8.40
cm), seedling dry weight (6.04 mg), seed vigour index-I (742.58) and seed vigour index-II (534.91).
Whereas, with the application of GA3 @ 0 ppm, plants took maximumtime for first flowering (71.50days).
The interaction,S1 × G5 i.e.a plant spacing of30 × 30 cmalong with application of 250 ppm GA3 recorded
maximum values in terms of most of the growth, flowering, seed yield per plant and seed quality
parameters. However, maximum seed yield per plot and per hectare was found in the interaction, S4 × G5
i.e. when spacing was kept at 30 × 10 cm a part along with the application of GA3 @ 250 ppm, but the
effects were found to be stastically at par with the interactions, S4 × G4, S4 × G3, S3 × G5, S3 × G4, S2 × G5
and S1 × G5. So, it is concluded that for better growth, flowering, improved seed yield and quality, the
plantsbe spaced at30 × 30cm a part along with the application ofGA3@ 250 ppm.
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