Morphological, biochemical and molecular diversity analysis of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
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Date
2021-02
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CCSHAU, Hisar
Abstract
The present investigation “Morphological, biochemical and molecular diversity analysis of
upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)” was carried out at Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana
Agricultural University, Hisar in kharif 2018-2019 and 2019-20 with the objective of estimating
diversity of 150 genotypes of cotton. Variation among genotypes was present for hypocotyl
pigmentation, pubescence on stem, stem pigmentation, leaf color, pigmentation of petiole, flower petal
color, boll shape, prominence of tip, plant height, growth habit, seed index, ginning percentage, fiber
length, fiber strength and fiber fineness. Analysis of variance revealed presence of variability for all the
traits among the genotypes other than number of monopods and number of locules. GCV and PCV also
shows that number of locules, days to first flower, ginning percentage and number of seeds per locules
had low variability whereas as highest PCV and GCV values were possessed by number of bolls per
plant and seed cotton yield. Additive gene action was dominant in plant height, number of sympods per
plant, boll weight, seed index, lint index, number of bolls per plant and seed cotton yield per plant as
high heritability coupled with high genetic advance was reported for these traits. Correlation studies
showed that seed cotton yield per plant was significantly and positively correlated with all the traits
highest among them was of number of bolls per plant but days to first flower, number of locules per
boll and fiber quality traits exhibited negative association with yield. Path analysis revealed that
maximum contribution is from number of bolls per plant and boll weight. Genetic diversity analysis
was done using 118 SSR markers out of which 26 were found polymorphic with average number of
alleles as 2.1 per locus. UPGMA clustering analysis formed 13 groups of genotypes. The biochemical
profiling of the genotypes showed variability among the genotypes. Weather affected biochemical
parameters but gossypol remained unaffected. Seed cotton yield did not show any relation with
biochemical parameters but was in negative association with CLCuD