Investigations on etiologies of genital prolapse in bovines of Himachal Pradesh
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Date
2021-08-24
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Palampur
Abstract
The present study was planned with the objectives to document the prevalence and
etiologies of genital prolapse in bovines of different regions of Himachal Pradesh and to
suggest the prevention and control. First part of the study comprised of documentation of
prevalence of genital prolapse in bovines of Himachal Pradesh. Second part of study was
investigation of etiologies of genital prolapse in bovines by estimation of clinco-pathological
investigations for blood hormone, haematological and biochemicals of the affected (n=238)
bovines (cattle and buffaloes) throughout the state and last was to suggest prevention and
control of genital prolapse.
Among cattle, the highest prevalence was reported in district Bilaspur (10.58%) followed
by Chamba (9.03%) and Hamirpur (6.50%) whereas among buffaloes the highest prevalence
was recorded in district Kangra (13.57%) followed by district Bilaspur (13.35%), Hamirpur
(10.13%) and Chamba (8.23%). Overall prevalence of genital prolapse in cattle in Himachal
Pradesh was 2.17 per cent and in buffaloes it was 6.53 per cent.
In hormonal estimation, Significantly (P<0.01) high levels of plasma estradiol-17β (E2)
and low level of progesterone (P4) were observed in affected bovines in comparison to nonaffected ones in all three (Pregnant, Postpartum and Non-pregnant) stages. Similarly, cortisol
was also significantly high in non-pregnant (P<0.01) and post-partum (P<0.01) affected cattle
groups and post-partum buffaloes (P<0.05) group.
In minerals, Ca and P were significantly low at different levels of significance (P<0.01
and P<0.05) in cattle and buffaloes in all 3 stages except non-pregnant prolapse in buffaloes.
In cows affected with genital prolapse, the biochemicals like triglycerides (P<0.01), urea
(P<0.01) and SGOT (P<0.05) were significantly higher and cholesterol (P<0.01) was
significantly lower than non-affected cows. In buffaloes showing genital prolapse, only a
significant higher concentration of triglycerides (P<0.01) was observed and other
biochemicals like glucose (P<0.01), total protein (P<0.05) and cholesterol (P<0.01) were
significantly lower in comparison to non-affected buffaloes.
In cows affected with genital prolapse, leukocytes (P<0.05), granulocytes (P<0.01),
haemoglobin (P<0.05) and platelets (P<0.05) were significantly higher than non-affected one.
On the basis of etiologies of prolapse, minerals like calcium and phosphorous and
hormone like progesterone can be supplemented during pregnancy to avoid its occurrence.
Maximum of moderate and severe prolapse cases required surgical intervention with
Buhner’s suture along with other supportive treatment.