Effect of silicon solubilizers on yield, pest and disease resistance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes
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Date
2013-06
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
Rice is one of the most important cereals of India and occupies second position after wheat. A field experiment was conducted in kharif season of 2012 to investigate the effect of silicon solubilizers on different rice genotypes namely, Akshayadhan, Varadhan, Nagarjuna, Shanthi, Sampada, KRH-2, PA-6129, PA-6201, PA-6444 and PHB-71. Two different forms of silicon solubilizers, solid and liquid treatment at maximum tillering and panicle initiation were given. Various physiological & biochemical parameters such as plant height, harvest index, leaf area index, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, yield, number of chaffy grains, number of filled grains, disease and pest infestation were recorded at different growth stages. Maximum plant height (146.38 cm) was observed for PA-6201 at liquid treatment and minimum (126.06 cm) for Shanthi. In liquid treatment the leaf area index (LAI) was 31.03 % increased as compared to control at maximum tillering and 48.36 % increased at panicle initiation and 33.06 % at flowering in PA-6201. Maximum biological yield was observed for PA-6201 (19.97 t ha-1) at liquid treatment and minimum (15.25 t ha-1) for Shanthi. A 14.85 % enhancement in the grain yield was observed with maximum for PA-6201 (9.66 t ha-1) and minimum 5.41 % for Varadhan (5.41 t ha-1) at liquid treatment of silicon solubilizer. Chlorophyll content was also increased from 1.06 mg/g to 1.24 mg/g and the maximum was found in PA-6201 when treated with liquid treatment of silicon solubilizer as compared to control. Net
photosynthetic rate (Pn), internal CO2 concentration and protein content were also increased with treatment of silicon solubilizers. In liquid treatment chaffy grains per 3 panicles were decreased 59.04% and an increment of 42.17% in fully filled grains per 3 panicles were found as compared to control in PA-6201 at 1.20 specific gravity. The dead heart infestation in liquid treatment was found to be decreased 49.11 % as compared to control in PA-6129. At flowering, the percent incidence of rice false smut was decreased 48.81 % and 43.78 % reduction in severity of rice false smut was found as compared to control in PA-6201. Amongst ten genotypes of rice PA-6201 was the most efficient for utilizing silicon under foliar spray of liquid treatment of silicon solubilizers.
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