Studies on insect fauna collected in lght trap during kharif season at jabalpur
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Date
2016
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JNKVV
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important cereal crop in the world provides a staple food for nearly half of the global population. Over 100 insect pest species attack paddy crop at various stages of its growth of which 20 species cause the economic damage (Pathak & Dhaliwal, 1981). In India average losses in paddy production due to insect pests are 25-30% (Dhaliwal and Arora, 2010) and in Madhya Pradesh about 40-100 % losses were observed (Dhamdhere, 1990).
Light trap is an important tool for minimizing the insect pests damage without any toxic hazards (Sharma et. al., 2004). Other than this light trap has been used to supplement the knowledge of pest fauna of given locality, geographical distribution and their seasonal activity etc. (Verma and Vaishampayan, 1983 and Sharma et. al., 2010). Light trap is also useful to know the effect the weather factors on species abundance Jonason et al (2014b).. Therefore the present research work on “Studies on insect fauna collected in light trap during kharif season at Jabalpur” was under taken with following objectives.
1. Incidence and identification of insect fauna collected in light trap during kharif season at Jabalpur.
2. Study on seasonal incidence of insect pest species of paddy collected through light trap.
For the taxonomic documentation, the light trap was operated every night and collection was observed on the next day morning. Total insect fauna was observed and sorted out on the basis of 3 major categories of economic importance:- I) Harmful insects- as crop pests. II) Beneficial insects- as bio-control agents (Predators and parasites). III) Beneficial insects- as commercially important.
Seasonal incidence study of insect pest species was done by operating the light trap during kharif season of 2015. A insect pest of paddy and predator & parasite was observed on daily basis. In order to study the seasonal incidence, daily trap catch was converted into weekly total and mean per day per week (weekly mean/day).
1. Incidence and identification of insect fauna collected in light trap during kharif season at jabalpur.
Taxonomic analysis revealed that these 62 insect species belonging to 11 orders and 34 families were recorded throughout the season (kharif 2015). Based on number of species collected, largest collection was represented by order Lepidoptera 19 species (30%) followed by order Coleoptera 13 species (21%), Hemiptera 12 species (20%), Orthoptera 5 species (8%) and Hymenoptera 5 species (8%) in descending order respectively. Orders of minor significance are represented by Odonata and Neuroptera having 2 species each while Isoptera, Diptera, Dermaptera and Dictyoptera were represented by one species only.
These species were grouped on the basis of their economic role in three categories namely (i) Harmful insects- as crop pests (32 species). (ii) Beneficial insects- as bio-control agents (Predators and parasites) (28 species). (iii) Beneficial insects- as commercially important (2 species).
2. Study on seasonal incidence of insect pest species of paddy collected through light trap.
The activity period of Leptocorisa acuta (Thunberg) and Nephotettix virescens (Distant) were observed from August to December with distinct peaks during 41st & 45th SW and 34th, 38th & 42nd SW respectively. All the weather parameters did not show any significant effect on both insect catches..
The activity period of Mythimna separata (Walker) was observed from September to December with higher numbers during 45th SW. The activity period of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guene) was observed from September to October with one distinct peak during 41st SW. Various weather parameters did not show any significant effect on both insect catches.
The activity period of Melanitis leda ismene Cramer was observed from August to December with three distinct peaks during 38rth, 42nd and 44rth SW respectively.. The activity period of Tetrix subulata Linnaeus was observed from June to December with three distinct peak 32nd SW, 36th SW and 41st SW respectively. Maximum temperature showed a significant positive effect on both insect catches.
Euscyrtus concinnus (de Haan) and Gryllotalpa orientalis Burmeister was active from June to December with two distinct peaks during 38th& 40th SW and 37th& 40th SW respectively. Maximum temperature and evaporation showed significant positive effect on both insect catches.
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