Soil test crop response based fertilizer requirement in combination with fym and biofertilizers for wheat
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Date
2020-12
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
Field experiments were conducted as per technical programme of AICRP on STCR in B2 block of Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, (290 N latitude, 79 0 28’ E longitude and 243.84 meters above MSL), in rabi season 2018-19 to work out soil test crop response based fertilizer requirement in combination with FYM and biofertilizers for targeted yield of wheat. Prior to test crop experiment, a soil fertility gradient experiment was conducted during kharif 2018 by dividing the experimental field into three equal strips and applying graded doses of fertilizer nutrients and exhaust crop rice was grown to create soil fertility gradient artificially. Test crop wheat was grown during rabi2018-19, after dividing each strip in 24 plots (21 treatments + 3 controls). Wheat crop response to selected combinations of three levels of organics (0, 5 t FYM ha-1 and 5 t FYM ha-1+Bf ), four levels of nitrogen (0, 75, 150 and 225 kg N ha-1), four levels of phosphorus (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg P2O5 ha-1) and four levels of potassium (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg K2O ha-1) in strips of varied fertility was studied. The value of soil organic carbon, alkaline KMnO4-N, Olsen’s-P and NH4OAc-K ranged between 0.559 to 0.824 percent, 112.90 to 238.34 kg ha-1, 10.60 to 27.79 kg ha-1 and 90.16 to 164.64 kg ha-1, respectively before the test crop experiment on wheat. Grain yield of wheat varied from 10.23 to 57.95 q ha-1. Total uptake of N, P and K by wheat ranged from 18.45 to 160.68 kg N ha-1, 2.21 to 18.05 kg P ha-1and 16.24 to 121.97 kg K ha-1. Nutrient requirement to produce one quintal grain yield of wheat was 2.42 kg N, 0.278 kg P and 1.89 kg K. Per cent contribution of N, P and K from soil was 17.62, 18.21 and 19.14, respectively. Per cent contribution of N, P and K from FYM was 20.11, 13.62 and 32.31, respectively. Whereas from FYM + Bf it was 25.31, 15.48, and 39.20, respectively. Per cent contribution of N, P and K from fertilizer was 48.73, 34.73, 212.50, respectively. Per cent contribution from combined use of fertilizer and FYM was 49.12, 37.10 and 218.59 for N, P and K, respectively. Per cent contribution of N, P and K from applied fertilizer with FYM +Bf was 62.32, 38.88 and 266.68, respectively. Fertilizer nutrient prescription equations for targeted yield of wheat were developed without FYM, with FYM and with FYM +Bf and it was found that for a particular yield target fertilizer nutrient requirement decreased with increasing soil test values, however for a particular soil test value nutrient requirement increased with increasing yield targets. Application of FYM or FYM+ biofertilizer reduced the fertilizer nutrient requirement for the crop. The findings of present study may be used for fertilizer nutrient prescription for wheat in similar type of soils and climate after its verification at farmer’s fields.